Vaccines are one of the most effective methods for preventing and minimizing the spread of infectious diseases and are thus considered a cornerstone of public health. However, despite the successful development of vaccines that induce a protective immune response, most of the vaccines still being administered today have been developed empirically, with limited immunological insight. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms leading to a protective immune response is greatly needed to develop new vaccines for antigenically variable pathogens, such as the influenza virus, and to control infectious disease outbreaks, such as COVID-19. This includes studying the individual components involved, as well as the complex interactions between them.

Systems immunology is an approach used to examine the complex immune system by analyzing large data sets using high-throughput technologies. Using complex computational approaches, the systems biology framework will be able to predict vaccine immunogenicity, identify new vaccines, and evaluate vaccine-induced immune responses. Recent advances in systems immunology have provided us with an opportunity to broaden our understanding of the immune response to vaccination, accelerating the development of successful vaccines.

This Research Topic aims to utilize high-throughput approaches including gene expression, proteomic, genomic, and phenotypic data, to interpret the immune responses induced by infections and vaccinations. We welcome the submissions of articles that cover, but are not limited to, the following sub-topics:
• Omics approaches to investigate variations in vaccine-induced immune responses
• Advances in omics approaches to predict vaccine immunogenicity
• Computational approaches to identify T-cell and B-cell immune epitopes for vaccine development
• Development of new vaccines for immune-compromised and aging patients to protect the vulnerable population

The Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject.

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Frontiers in Immunology

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