Inflammatory and infectious diseases pose significant global health challenges, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between host immune responses and invading pathogens is critical developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. With advancements in the sensitivity and reliability of modern mass spectrometers, shotgun mass spectrometry-based proteomics—a large-scale approach to studying proteins, has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating these diseases. By systematically profiling the protein composition of biological samples, researchers are gaining critical insights into the molecular mechanisms that drive inflammation and infection responses.

The objective of this research topic is to consolidate and expand upon recent advancements in proteomics that have significantly enhanced our understanding of inflammatory and infectious diseases. Despite substantial progress, the precise interactions between host immune proteins and pathogens, as well as the intricate signaling pathways that govern inflammatory responses, remain incompletely characterized. This research topic aims to contribute to a deeper understanding by highlighting recent proteomic innovations and their applications in unraveling disease mechanisms. By compiling a diverse range of studies, including original research, systematic reviews, reviews, mini reviews, perspectives, clinical trials and case reports, we aim to demonstrate how proteomic data can identify novel biomarkers, establish panels for disease state determination, reveal therapeutic targets, and deepen our comprehension of disease pathogenesis.

Furthermore, the integration of proteomics with other omics technologies and systems biology approaches is encouraged, as these methods provide a holistic view of the molecular landscapes in inflammatory and infectious diseases. By fostering interdisciplinary collaborations and inspiring innovative research, we aim to advance the application of proteomics in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.

We invite contributions that explore, but are not limited to, the following thematic areas:

• Biomarker Discovery: Identifying and validating novel biomarkers for inflammatory and infectious diseases.
• Therapeutic Target Identification: Discovering and characterizing potential therapeutic targets based on proteomic data.
• Disease Mechanisms: Investigating the molecular mechanisms of inflammation and infection through proteomic approaches.
• Diagnostic Applications: Developing and evaluating proteomics-based diagnostic tools for enhanced accuracy and early detection.
• Therapeutic Interventions: Utilizing proteomics to inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Please note that studies on mechanisms of inflammatory disease that do not focus on immunological mechanisms are not in scope with this journal. Also note that Dr. Hessel Peters-Sengers has received a postdoc grant from the Dutch Kidney Foundation.

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Frontiers in Immunology

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