Immunothrombosis views thrombus formation as a host response to prevent the dissemination of invading microorganisms in the bloodstream. In this concept, immune activation is closely intertwined with the activation of procoagulant and prothrombotic processes involving various vascular cell types to promote thrombus formation.

While immunothrombosis primarily has a protective role, the excessive activation of the underlying prothrombotic mechanisms can also contribute to harmful processes (thrombo-inflammation). In the context of thrombo-inflammation, these mechanisms can lead to thrombotic complications affecting various organs and exacerbate diverse inflammatory disease states. This, for example, includes bloodstream infections, autoimmune disorders, as well as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This Research Topic will focus on immunothrombotic and thrombo-inflammatory processes and also address emerging non-traditional roles of the coagulation system.

Immunothrombosis situates thrombus formation as a critical response within the host to obstruct the spread of invasive pathogens in the bloodstream. This physiological response ingeniously integrates immune system activation with procoagulant pathways involving multiple vascular cell types, illustrating a sophisticated defense mechanism. Nonetheless, despite its protective functions, when overstimulated, these mechanisms can pivot towards pathogenicity, inducing thrombo-inflammation—a state where exacerbated coagulation and cell activation amplifies various inflammatory diseases.

This Research Topic aims to dissect the dualistic nature of immunothrombosis, assessing both its defensive merits and its contributions to pathological states. Key objectives include understanding the triggers of excessive immunothrombotic responses and their links to thrombo-inflammatory complications across a spectrum of diseases such as bloodstream infections, autoimmune disorders, and cardiovascular ailments.

To gather further insights into the multifaceted roles of immunothrombosis, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Molecular mechanisms and signaling cues involved in immunothrombosis and thrombo-inflammation
- Understanding the organotypic roles in immunothrombosis and thrombo-inflammation
- Clinical impacts of dysregulated immunothrombotic processes
- Novel therapeutic targets within the coagulation-immunity nexus
- Comparative studies on immunothrombosis across different disease states
- Patient outcomes related to hyperactive immunothrombotic responses
- Genetic and environmental factors related to immunothrombosis and thrombo-inflammation.

This research topic encourages exploration into the emerging, non-traditional roles of the coagulation system, delving into how its modulation can influence disease progression and therapy.

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Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

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