Despite guidelines delineating key interventions, goals for parameters such as blood pressure or intracranial pressure, and prognostication tools in ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, status epilepticus, and spinal cord injury, patients presenting to neurocritical care units continue to experience high rates of mortality and morbidity. Amid equivocal or conflicting information from clinical trials, individual variations in clinical characteristics, physiology, comorbidities, genetics, and environment are likely to yield more meaningful information than generalized extrapolation and application of evidence-based medicine. Technological advances in neuromonitoring, machine learning, genomics, and imaging have unprecedentedly expanded the scale, specificity, and analysis efficiency of real-time, individualized patient data in neurocritical care. The access to, and power of, this information has the potential to revolutionize early treatment and prognostication in patients with severe and life-threatening neurological injuries.

The goal of this Research Topic is to showcase the advances and capability of technologies in not just obtaining patient data in the neuro ICU, but also in organizing, distilling, interpreting, and using this data in ways that substantially affect patient care and prognostication. The research findings and insights of our contributors will bridge the gap between evidence-based guidelines, “big data,” and individualized patient information to identify which parameters are the most clinically relevant and demonstrate how this information can be used to guide treatment and prognostication. Readers will develop familiarity with the current forefront of available tools in precision medicine, understand their applications in patients with neurocritical care conditions, and join the authors in envisioning powerful new frontiers of their use.

We are interested in original research articles, review articles, and commentaries that highlight personalized approaches to the management of neurocritical care conditions. Specifically, applications of precision medicine include but are not limited to machine learning processing of EHR data and neurodiagnostic data, brain tissue oxygenation monitoring, multimodal monitoring, patient-specific blood pressure management, and cerebral microdialysis.

Themes include:

- Blood pressure goal individualization

- Optimization of cerebral autoregulation

- Prognostic biomarkers in neurocritical care illnesses

- Machine learning interpretation of neuroimaging and EEG

- Continuous intracranial pressure waveform interpretation

- Ethical considerations of personalized medical data and prognostication

- Technological resource disparities in neurocritical care units

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Frontiers in Neurology

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