Fungi are prolific producers of secondary metabolites, which are diverse bioactive compounds essential for their environmental interactions. Mycotoxins, a notable group of these metabolites, have significant toxic effects on humans, animals, and crops, posing global health and economic challenges. Recent scientific advances have enhanced our understanding of fungal secondary metabolites, enabling the discovery of new compounds with potential applications in drug development, agriculture, and biotechnology. Additionally, there is increasing recognition of the ecological roles of these metabolites, driving research into their use for sustainable agriculture, biocontrol, and environmental management. Interdisciplinary studies in mycology, chemistry, ecology, and biotechnology are vital for addressing the complexities of fungal secondary metabolites and mycotoxins. Currently, the study of these compounds is at a dynamic and transformative stage. By following current trends and exploring future directions, researchers can unlock new applications of fungal metabolites and solutions benefiting society and the environment.

The goal of this special issue is to advance the understanding and application of fungal secondary metabolites and mycotoxins by showcasing cutting-edge research and innovative developments in this dynamic field. We aim to bring together interdisciplinary studies that explore the biosynthesis, characterization, and ecological roles of these compounds, highlighting their impact on human health, agriculture, and the environment. By addressing current trends and future directions, this issue seeks to uncover new applications in drug development, sustainable agriculture, biocontrol, and environmental management. We invite contributions that bridge the gaps between mycology, chemistry, ecology, and biotechnology, fostering collaborative efforts to tackle the complex challenges posed by fungal secondary metabolites and mycotoxins. Through this comprehensive exploration, we aspire to unlock novel solutions and applications that benefit both society and the environment.

This research collection explores the diverse and complex roles of fungal secondary metabolites and mycotoxins, highlighting current trends and future directions. We welcome original research articles, reviews on the following topics:

1. Biosynthesis and Genetic Regulation: Molecular mechanisms and genetic pathways in producing fungal secondary metabolites and mycotoxins.

2. Chemical Characterization and Novel Compounds: Identification, structural elucidation, and functional analysis of new and existing fungal secondary metabolites and mycotoxins.

3. Ecological Roles and Interactions: Ecological functions of fungal secondary metabolites and their interactions

4. Health Impacts: Toxicological effects of mycotoxins on human and animal health, including toxicity mechanisms, exposure assessment, and risk evaluation.

5. Agricultural Applications: Fungal secondary metabolites in crop protection, biocontrol strategies, and sustainable agriculture.

6. Biotechnological and Industrial Applications: Innovations in biotechnology and industry using fungal secondary metabolites.

7. Environmental Management: Fungal secondary metabolites in environmental processes, including soil health, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem stability.

8. Regulatory and Safety Aspects: Frameworks, guidelines, and policies for managing and controlling mycotoxins in food and feed.

9. Interdisciplinary Approaches: Integrative studies addressing complex challenges and opportunities in this field.

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Frontiers in Fungal Biology

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