This Research Topic is the second volume in the series: Lung Adenocarcinoma: From Genomics to Immunotherapy. The previous volume can be viewed here:

Volume I

Lung cancer is the second most common type of cancer and is the leading cause of cancer death globally. In 2018, almost 2.1 million new cases were diagnosed, accounting for ~12% of the cancer burden worldwide. There are two main types of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Genomic studies have indicated that more than 80% of lung malignancies are classified as NSCLC, of which adenocarcinoma is a predominant subtype. Both smokers, who are traditionally associated with a higher risk of lung cancer due to the harmful substances in tobacco, and non-smokers can be diagnosed with this condition. This illustrates the complexity of lung adenocarcinoma and the need for continued research into its causes and treatments.

Although significant progress has been made in treating tumor with targetable driver mutations, like EGFR mutations, most tumor do not have such mutations and the prognosis remains poor for metastasis stage patients. Platinum doublet chemotherapy has been the mainstay first-line treatment of patients who are diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma without a targetable mutation.

In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment option for lung adenocarcinoma, showing strong responses in a subset of patients. Immune agents block crucial checkpoints and regulate immune responses to prevent tumor cells from evading the patient's immune systems. By blocking receptor–ligand interactions, a particular subset of T cells is activated to recognize and respond to tumor cells. However, immunotherapy has only been effective in ~20% of patients. To enhance its effectiveness, researchers are integrating multi-omics data (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) with translational genomics. This approach helps identify biomarkers and genetic variations linked to immune evasion, thus potentially improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Therefore, there is urgent need to understand the underlying mechanism of lung adenocarcinoma from genome to immunotherapy. To address this unmet need, this Research Topic will focus on advancements related to the genomics of lung adenocarcinoma. We welcome original research articles, systematic review, meta-analysis, clinical case studies, and review articles within the scope of the research topic. Bioinformatics studies are welcome; however, these should not be based solely on analysis of publicly available datasets such as TCGA. It is essential to have an independent validation cohort for statistically significant confirmation of the findings communicated. The submissions can include but not limited to the following subtopics:
• Identifying molecular targets, regulators, and genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that underlie lung adenocarcinoma.
• Identifying protein-protein interaction, protein-drug interaction and drug target identification for lung adenocarcinoma.
• Functional characterization of genetic variants and new therapy approaches for lung adenocarcinoma.
• Studies addressing the In-silico approaches for prediction and the genomic markers with risk factors involved in lung adenocarcinoma.
• Molecular therapeutic mechanisms and clinical studies related to lung adenocarcinoma.
• Integration of multi-omics data in lung adenocarcinoma.
• Whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of lung adenocarcinoma.

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Frontiers in Genetics

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