Emerging Frontiers in Biomarker Recognition: Electrical and Optical Sensing Methods

The field of biomarker recognition through electrical and optical sensing methods has gained significant attention due to its potential in early detection and treatment of various health conditions. Recent global health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and chronic conditions like diabetes, have underscored the critical need for early identification of relevant biomarkers to facilitate timely intervention and preemptive care. Biomarkers, typically found in bodily fluids and breath, present a challenge for selective detection due to the complex matrix of molecules in these environments, which can lead to sensor fouling and off-target responses. Current advancements in sensor technology aim to address these issues by developing low-cost, easy-to-operate, and highly selective sensors that can function effectively in uncontrolled environments. Despite progress, there remain significant gaps in achieving the desired sensitivity and selectivity, particularly in minimizing false readouts and overcoming non-specific bindings. The integration of advanced electronics and data analytics, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, holds promise for enhancing sensor performance and reliability.

This Research Topic aims to explore and advance the development of selective and sensitive sensors for biomarker detection, focusing on both the chemical and electronic aspects of sensing platforms. The primary objectives include addressing the challenges of detecting biomarkers at clinically relevant concentrations, ensuring high selectivity to minimize false positives and negatives, and developing cost-effective and user-friendly sensors. Specific questions to be answered include: How can we improve the selectivity and sensitivity of sensors in complex environments? What role can machine learning and artificial intelligence play in enhancing sensor performance? How can we design low-cost sensors that are accessible in various resource settings?

To gather further insights in the development of advanced sensing platforms for biomarker detection, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Nanopore Sensing (solid-state and biological)
- Chemiresistive breath sensing
- Electrochemical Sensing
- Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Sensing
- Electronic designs for low-cost sensing
- Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
- Surface Plasmon Resonance

This collection aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of the latest advancements and challenges in the field, promoting the development of innovative solutions for global health improvement.

Keywords: Biomarkers, Selectivity, Limit of Detection, Low-Cost, Sensors, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, Electronics

Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.