Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) represents diseases characterized by the clonal selection of hematopoietic stem cells and their precursors. They can occur as de novo AML, or arising after prior Cytotoxic Therapy (tAML) or an antecedent hematologic disorder (AML secondary to myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms). The widespread adoption of large-scale high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques has substantiated the utility of a specific genetic signature for precise diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and personalized treatments in these conditions.

DNA sequencing techniques are also employed for the detection of germline gene variants linked AML secondary to germline predisposition. The latest editions of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Consensus Classification (ICC), and the new European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommendations have made considerable effort to implement these methods into state-of-the-art patient care. However, the adjustment of these diagnostic schemes into real-world scenarios remains unexplored, as well as how they can redefine the personalized treatment algorithm.

The main goal of the Research Topic is to define the molecular marker useful for distinguishing de novo AML from secondary AML, as well as those relevant prognostics. We want to emphasize the role of diagnostic and prognostic evaluation in clinical practice. This Research Topic aims to underscore the significance of methods suitable for germline predisposing variant detection and encourage the sharing of knowledge on delineating different types of methods available for their identification. Furthermore, we seek submissions that emphasize novel and clinically relevant therapeutical approaches tailored for de novo and secondary AML.

This Research Topic aims to present a comprehensive overview of the diverse diagnostic techniques and treatment strategies currently utilized in the management of de novo and secondary AML. We are particularly interested in:

- Innovative genetic techniques that enhance the precision of identifying various subcategories of de novo AML, therapy-related AML and AML secondary to MDS.

- Strategies for recognizing germline predisposing variants associated with AML.

- Exploring the newest therapeutic algorithms tailored for de novo and secondary AML.

We invite contributions in the form of perspective pieces, original research, reviews, and case studies.

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Frontiers in Hematology

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