Physical inactivity is a leading modifiable risk factor for global mortality and morbidity. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that physically active people experience a lower risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), a major public health issue and societal burden worldwide, compared with those who are physically inactive. The protective effect of physical activity (PA) on cardiovascular risk and mortality has been well-reported in people of different ages and ethnicities; however, current evidence has been established primarily from observational studies with self-reported PA, which has limitations regarding their ability to identify different intensities of PA, especially high-intensity PA, and sedentary behavior.

PA is a multifactorial behavior, including social, environmental, psychological, as well as genetic factors. Previous studies have found that gene-environment interactions could be involved in the susceptibility of individuals to develop CVD. However, the risk-modifying effects of physical activity among individuals with increased social, environmental, psychological, or genetic risks for CVD have not been fully elucidated.

Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are widely used in a variety of industrial products such as plastics and electronics, is thought to be a contributor to CVD. However, whether conducting physical activity would mitigate the adverse cardiovascular effect of PBDEs remains largely unclear.

This Research Topic aims to contribute to narrowing the knowledge gap about 1) the magnitude of the associations as well as the dose-response relationship of physical activity with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality, 2) whether these associations are modified by social, environmental, psychological, or genetic factors, and 3) can physical activity ameliorate the increased risk of CVD associated with PBDEs exposure.

We welcome authors to submit Research articles that delve into the Interaction of Physical Activity and Genetic and Environmental Factors on Cardiovascular Health. While our interests span across a broad range of subjects, they notably include, but are not exclusively limited to:
• Improved exposure assessment by objective and subjective measures of fitness and physical activity.
• Prospective cohort study assessing different subtypes of CVD events, including ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhage stroke, which allows standardized and detailed collection of pre-morbid information on physical activity.
• Well-focused and timely systematic reviews, meta-analyses, or narrative reviews about the potential risk-modifying effects of physical activity on cardiovascular health.
• Studies assessing whether physical activity could ameliorate the increased risk of CVD associated with PBDEs exposure.

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