The process of Xenotransplantation offers incredible potential for overcoming the paucity of human organs available for transplantation. Amidst the challenges and uncertainties that this field entails, two models, the primate and the decedent, have emerged as significant domains of study, particularly concerning heart and kidney transplantation.

The debate surrounding these two models is multifaced, involving questions centered upon the modifications in pig’s kidneys and hearts in the decedent model, the insights gleaned from primate studies, and the limitations of current investigative drugs. We still grapple with the questions: do we truly appreciate the full range of proteins and cellular adaptations at play in pig’s organs used in the decedent model? Furthermore, have primate studies provided us with the breadth and accuracy of information required for such complex procedures?

This Research Topic aims to delve into these critical uncertainties, inviting contributions from experts from both perspectives. We welcome discussions that scrutinize both models’ merits and limitations while questioning the efficacy of our investigative drugs.

This Research Topic is also aimed at further exploring following themes:
1. Comparative Anatomy: The anatomical differences between human, pig, and primate models that may have an impact on transplantation outcomes.
2. Immunological Challenges: Exploration of immune responses and possible rejection in both models.
3. Genetic Modification Techniques: Analysis of genetic editing techniques used in producing pigs for the decedent model, examining their efficacy, ethics, and future potential.
4. Ethical Implications: Consideration of the ethical dilemmas surrounding both models, and how these can be addressed.
5. Technological Innovations: Discussions on technological breakthroughs that could influence the future of xenotransplantation.
6. Long-term consequences: Comparative review of the long-term effects of transplantation in both models, considering both medical and quality of life outcomes.
7. Regulatory Standards and Policies: An assessment of current international transplant regulations in regards to these models.

By fostering a conversation that bridges various schools of thought, we hope to enhance our understanding of the decedent and primate models in Xenotransplantation and shed light on the next steps in research and application.

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Frontiers in Transplantation

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