Neurological disorders, including neurosurgical conditions and various neurological diseases, are often associated with dysregulation of the immune microenvironment within the central nervous system. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, which target molecules that regulate immune responses, have emerged as a promising avenue for modulating the immune response in these disorders. This Research Topic focuses on immune therapies in neurological disorders. It seeks to highlight groundbreaking research that investigates the efficacy and safety of immune therapies, explores the underlying mechanisms, and evaluates their translation potential for clinical application.

Firstly, this Research Topic aims to emphasize the importance of immune therapies as a promising approach to treating neurological disorders, such as neurosurgery and neurology. This includes outlining the challenges faced by traditional treatments and demonstrating the potential of immune therapies to overcome these limitations. Secondly, it aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in translational neuroscience related to immune therapy in neurological disorders. This includes discussing novel techniques and approaches that have been developed to modulate the immune microenvironment of the central nervous system. Thirdly, we will explore potential future directions for research and clinical applications of immune therapies in neurological disorders. This includes highlighting emerging trends in the field and discussing their implications for improving patient outcomes. Additionally, potential synergies between immune therapies and other treatment modalities, such as gene therapy or stem cell transplantation, will be explored to expand the scope of therapeutic options. Overall, this Research Topic aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of immune therapies in neurological disorders, presenting the problem of limited treatment options and showcasing recent advances in translational neuroscience. Through this, we seek to inspire further research and collaboration to unlock the full potential of immune therapies in improving the lives of patients affected by neurological disorders.

We invite contributions that address the following themes:
1. Immune therapy approaches: Explore the efficacy and safety of various immune therapeutic strategies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, in the treatment of neurological disorders.
2. Neurosurgical interventions: Investigate the potential of immune therapies when combined with neurosurgical procedures to enhance treatment outcomes and improve patient prognosis.
3. Immune microenvironment: Examine the dynamic interactions between immune cells and the central nervous system in neurological disorders, and how modulating the immune microenvironment can influence disease progression and therapeutic responses.
4. Translational neurology: Highlight translational research efforts bridging the gap between preclinical studies and clinical applications, focusing on the development and optimization of immune therapies for neurological disorders.
5. Emerging trends and challenges: Discuss the current state-of-the-art and future perspectives in immune therapy research for neurological disorders, including the identification of novel targets and the integration of immunotherapies into existing treatment regimens.

We welcome original research papers, reviews, and perspective articles that contribute to our understanding of immune therapies in neurological disorders from a translational neuroscience standpoint. Manuscripts presenting clinical trials, mechanistic insights, and experimental models are particularly encouraged. Join us in advancing the field by submitting your high-quality contributions to this exciting Research Topic.

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Frontiers in Neuroscience

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