The field of avian physiology is currently grappling with numerous environmental challenges that negatively impact bird populations. Rising global temperatures, urbanization, and pollution are among the primary factors contributing to heat stress, habitat degradation, and increased morbidity and mortality in avian species. These environmental stressors not only affect wild bird populations but also have significant implications for commercial avian species, particularly in regions where poultry is a primary source of animal protein. Recent studies have explored the effects of these challenges on various physiological aspects of birds, including reproductive systems, stress responses, metabolism, and immune function. However, much of the existing research is limited to a small number of avian taxa, and the findings are often correlative rather than causative. This leaves critical gaps in our understanding of the specific physiological impacts of environmental factors, their interactions, and the extent to which these effects are influenced by age, sex, or physiological condition. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the observed physiological changes are phenotypic and reversible or indicative of genetic or epigenetic adaptations. Addressing these gaps is crucial, as environmental degradation continues at an alarming rate, threatening biodiversity and the sustainability of avian populations.

This Research Topic aims to deepen our understanding of the physiological impacts of environmental challenges on avian populations. The primary objectives include investigating the specific effects of various environmental factors on avian physiology, understanding the interactions between these factors, and determining the extent to which these effects are influenced by age, sex, and physiological condition. Additionally, the research seeks to discern whether the physiological changes observed in birds are phenotypic or reflective of genetic or epigenetic adaptations. By addressing these questions, the research aims to contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of environmental degradation on avian species and ensure the sustainability of both wild and domesticated bird populations.

To gather further insights into the physiological impacts of environmental challenges on avian populations, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- The effects of light, air, noise, soil, and chemical pollution on avian physiology and survival.
- The impact of feed availability and contamination, including toxins, heavy metals, and PCBs, on avian physiology.
- Innovative protocols and solutions to mitigate environmental threats to avian populations.
- Comparative studies across different avian taxa to identify common physiological responses to environmental stressors.
- Experimental and correlative studies that explore the interactions between multiple environmental factors.
- Investigations into the phenotypic versus genetic or epigenetic nature of physiological changes in birds.

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Frontiers in Physiology

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