According to the IPCC (2021) report, anthropogenic climate change is occurring worldwide due to emissions of greenhouse gases. According to the Environment Protect Agency’s report, agriculture is one of the most predominant sources of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4 gas emissions. The emissions of CH4 from agriculture are ranked second after the CO2 gas emissions. Therefore, current changes in the climate system due to greenhouse gases will increasingly have a significant impact on the agriculture cropping systems. The emissions of CH4 are not only dependent on livestock, but also on crops and cropping patterns, fertilizer applications, waste management, energy resources use, and biomass burning. Moreover, agricultural soils such as peat, muddy, water-logged, and swamp soils are the most responsible factors for the direct emissions of CH4, as highly saturated soil prevents oxygen from penetrating into the soil and creates an ideal condition for methane-emitting bacteria. Furthermore, the application of synthetic and nano fertilizers with biochar also influences the emissions of CH4 from agricultural crop fields under saturated soil conditions. In addition, other fertilizers such as manure, mixed fertilizer (mixture), and straw significantly enhance the CH4 emissions. Additionally, the impact of tillage management on CH4 emissions would also be an interesting approach that needs upscaling at a higher end for different agricultural crops and cropping systems.

However, there is a need for accurate measurements to evaluate the role of different agronomic managements (water, fertilizer, tillage) in emissions of CH4 and their impact on the environment. Also, their impact on soil health would be another criterion that needs to be assessed. This research can be extended with the evaluation of the applicability of different managements under different future scenarios with modelling approaches. Furthermore, new strategies or techniques such as adaptation and mitigation might be helpful in the reduction of CH4 emissions from the crop field and thereby combat climate change with a sustainable environment.

The goal of this Research Topic is to collect original research articles, reviews, and short reports on measurements and modelling of methane emissions from agricultural cropping systems. Therefore, we welcome authors to submit manuscripts on themes that include, but are not limited to the following:

• The role of agronomic management such as water, fertilizers (organic and inorganic), and tillage on CH4 emissions.

• The effect of synthetic and nano fertilizers on CH4 emissions and soil health.

• The role of bioresources, biomass and waste management on CH4 emissions.

• CH4 emissions in different soils such as muddy, swamp, peat and water-logged under cropping conditions.

• Precise measurements of CH4 emissions during cropping period.

• Modelling of CH4 emissions and impact of climate change under future scenarios.

• Adaptation and mitigation strategies against CH4 emissions with a sustainable environment.

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Frontiers in Agronomy

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