Malnutrition is still a priority in public health worldwide and part of the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. The different environmental exposition during the population's life cycle will influence the current patterns of health and diseases. The variety of diets, including local food and sustainable nutrition, determines the microbiome's composition, metabolome and even the epigenetics of the population upon prolonged exposure from early life. The molecular mechanisms of this holobiontic crosstalk are still to be established.

There are novel strategies for sequencing to understand the variation of individuals' microbiomes and epigenetics, as well as novel approaches to comprehend metabolic changes in a given biological condition (health and diseases) during the life cycle to establish biomarkers signatures of the local food choices, food availability, climate changes, breastmilk habits, social-cultural environments, traditional local food-consumption, concerning gut health, immune system development, infectious diseases responses, malnutrition, metabolic health’s or other nutritional-health factors.

These research topic aim to generate knowledge and a better holobiontic understanding of mechanisms that associate the nutrition and diet of different populations through the interplay of epigenomics, microbiomic, and metabolomics at every stage of life and their influences on their health, such as malnutrition, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, infectious diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and neurological disorders. Additionally, multi-omics biomarkers signatures could be applied in prevention and management strategies to support human health.

Examples of nutrigenomics, nutriepigenetics, epidemiological, basic, clinical, translational, or quantitative research with an epigenetics, metabolomics or microbiome framework could be included but are not limited to the following topics.

• Food choices and their health implications, malnutrition (obesity or undernutrition), type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases in the diet/nutrition of the population.
• Life cycle nutrition and health implications to the Omics
• Breastfeeding women and children nutrition and food choices and their omics modifications.
• Anthropological, behavioural, and socio-cultural aspects through food, nutrients, or bioactive compounds choices and omics influence the population.
• Food characterisation and their impact on the nutritional-health omics.
• Nutrition-health association, eating habits, physical activity clinical history, eating habits, anthropometric measures, kap questionnaire, and biochemical measuring (hemogram, vitamin D, folic acid, ferritin, lipidic, immunological parameters), influences into the microbiome/epigenetics/metabolomics on the populations.
• Functional microbiota studies in gnotobiotic model systems on any food, fermented foods, and traditional food to evaluate differences in immune maturation over time.
• Epigenome prediction of immune and metabolic health in life cycle population to associate any changes in nutrition-health host-immunity metabolism.
• Policy support and outreach based on nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, nutriepigenetics, microbiome or metabolomics impact the population.

We welcome submissions of brief research reports, original research, clinical trials, study cases, full- or mini-reviews, general commentary, opinions, or perspectives. We hope you will consider our Research Topic as a venue for disseminating the most recent findings in nutrigenomics, nutriepigenetics, microbiomes or metabolomics and diets/nutrition.

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