Bone Cell Differentiation

Bone is a highly specialized and mineralized tissue. It is constantly remodeled during the lifespan of a person, allowing the bone to maintain its mechanical, endocrine and hematopoietic roles. Bone homeostasis is mainly maintained thanks to communication between three cell type: osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts and osteocytes are derived from mesenchymal progenitor cells. The former primarily ensure the success of the bone matrix deposition and mineralization process, and the latter act as sensors of bone integrity. Osteoclasts are derived from the fusion of cells with hematopoietic origin and are responsible for the removal of old bone matrix. Cross-talk between these cells depends on many factors, the expression of which is a function of cell differentiation status. In addition, many other cells that are not bone specific, but either share common precursors (macrophages, adipocytes, chondrocytes etc.) or do not (vascular cells), participate in the regulation of the various bone cell differentiation processes and may affect the precise balance of bone formation and resorption.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in bone cell differentiation disorders may help to identify new putative therapeutics targets and may pave the way for the development of novel treatments to prevent or correct bone disorders.

This Research Topic aims to provide the readers of Frontiers in Physiology with an update on the most recent findings that evidence the importance of appropriate bone cell differentiation on bone homeostasis, and how it may be altered in pathological conditions. Submission of both original and reviews articles, among other article types applicable to the section, are welcomed.