Physical Exercise Related to Student’s Academic Performance

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Background

Learning is defined as the ability to process, store and use information, it is the process by which the individual acquires skills, abilities, and knowledge, as a result of experience, adopting, or modifying responses, which can be taken for granted, internalized, and consolidated. Learning integrates four essential cognitive components: input (information from the visual, auditory, and tactile-kinesthetic senses), cognition (processes of attention, memory, integration, simultaneous and sequential processing, understanding, planning, and self-regulation), output (actions such as speaking, drawing, reading, writing, counting or solving problems) and feedback (repeat, organize, control, perform). Learning, in general, refers to all activities related to acquiring/promoting automatisms, using/applying simple procedures, and related activities that lead to understanding, that is, regarding acts that involve reflection, reasoning, and decision making. Several authors assume the existence of a relationship between learning and motivation, revealing a reciprocity relationship between both.

Several studies claim that students who practice physical exercise regularly obtain better results at school since the practice provides good blood circulation and greater blood oxygenation, which ensure higher levels of vitality and consequently a better performance at a cognitive level. It is also mentioned that an individual who has a good aerobic condition can improve their memory capacity since physical exercise can strengthen specific areas of the brain and that the oxygen volume during exercise improves the connections between muscles. Physical exercise improves cognitive function and has a positive influence on memory processes in children. Therefore, it is evident that the practice of exercise in children is considered positive, allowing their development at all levels. In this line of thought, it seems pertinent to seek an answer to the question that makes up the problem of our study, identifying how factors such as personality, aerobic fitness, strength, attentional profile, moments during classes, physical education classes, and sports practiced influence the academic performance of students.

Currently, academic performance is one of the main quality indicators of system education. According to the quality of education, educational establishments focus their efforts on studying and analysis of the results obtained by the students to obtain a solid tool that guides the economic, political, and social decision-making of governments. In this regard, different studies have highlighted that students who usually practice physical activities and sports tend to present greater concentration and functionality brain, which improves their cognitive and learning ability in the academic field.
Themes of interest:
• Physical activity and academic performance;
• Physical Education and academic performance;
• Sports practice and academic performance;
• Attention in Physical Education classes;
• Personality and physical activity;
• Teaching methods in Physical Education;
• Attention Profile and academic performance.

Keywords: Exercise, School Academic performance, Physical Education, attention, concentration

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