About this Research Topic
Lung cancer remains as one of the most common malignancies with a high global mortality rate. The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed lung cancer accounted for approximately more than 2 million cases in 2018. Although there has been development in the diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, patients still have poor prognosis with a 5-year survival rate typically from 4-17% which is dependent on the stage of the cancer and regional differences. The majority of lung cancer patients are at the advanced stages of the disease at the time of their diagnosis and therefore, have less chances of early treatment that could have improved their survival rate. Therefore, early detection of lung cancer remains imperative to improve the prognosis.
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is a common radiological method that is used to screen non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to detect any presence of suspicious nodules. If this is identified, then an invasive biopsy is performed. However, the screening method is reported to have a 96.4% false positive rate and therefore detection remains challenging. Due to these challenges, there have been studies to investigate potential diagnostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have become the leading diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC with common changes in expression helping to provide sensitive and specific diagnosis. Another diagnostic biomarker is plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) which has been studied to improve the prognosis and surveillance of solid tumors. There have been studies of the detection of a positive EGFR mutation in the plasma of NSCLC patients treated with erlotinib or chemotherapy associated with reduced progression-free survival.
The development of biomarkers remains an advancing field in the treatment and therapy of lung cancer. Topics of interest include:
-Novel diagnostic biomarkers for treatment and therapy of lung cancer
-How biomarkers influence liquid biopsies
-MicroRNAs in lung cancer
-Circulating tumor DNAs in lung cancer
-Circulating endothelial cells and circulating aneuploid cells as biomarkers
Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is a common radiological method that is used to screen non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to detect any presence of suspicious nodules. If this is identified, then an invasive biopsy is performed. However, the screening method is reported to have a 96.4% false positive rate and therefore detection remains challenging. Due to these challenges, there have been studies to investigate potential diagnostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have become the leading diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC with common changes in expression helping to provide sensitive and specific diagnosis. Another diagnostic biomarker is plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) which has been studied to improve the prognosis and surveillance of solid tumors. There have been studies of the detection of a positive EGFR mutation in the plasma of NSCLC patients treated with erlotinib or chemotherapy associated with reduced progression-free survival.
The development of biomarkers remains an advancing field in the treatment and therapy of lung cancer. Topics of interest include:
-Novel diagnostic biomarkers for treatment and therapy of lung cancer
-How biomarkers influence liquid biopsies
-MicroRNAs in lung cancer
-Circulating tumor DNAs in lung cancer
-Circulating endothelial cells and circulating aneuploid cells as biomarkers
Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.
Keywords: lung cancer, diagnostic markers, biomarkers, non-small cell lung cancer, prognosis
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