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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Sustain. Food Syst.
Sec. Agricultural and Food Economics
Volume 9 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2025.1480094
Unveiling the economic burden of diseases in aquatic animal food production in India
Provisionally accepted
Prasanna Patil 1*
R Geetha 1 S S Mishra 2
Thangapalam Jawahar Abraham 3
H G Solanki 4
S R Krupesha Sharma 5 P K Pradhan 6 S K Manna 7
S Avunje 1 D Abhinaya 1
K Thomas Felix 1 T N Vinay 1 K Paniprasad 8
ANUTOSH PARIA 6 S Ananda Raja 1 R Saraswathy 1 S N Sahoo 2 R Rathod 2 P Rameshkumar 5
Raju Baitha 7 S Thomas 5
PK Patil 9 M Jayanthi 1
P Swain 2 N K Sanil 5
JK Jena 1- 1 Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (ICAR), Chennai, India
- 2 Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- 3 West Bengal University of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, Kolkata, India
- 4 Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
- 5 Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Kochi, Kerala, India
- 6 ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, India
- 7 Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- 8 Central Institute of Fisheries Education (ICAR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- 9 National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (ICAR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Economic burden of diseases on Indian aquaculture sector was estimated to be US$ 2.48 B, 14.95% of annual aquaculture production value. Analysis revealed a higher cost of disease (US$ t -1 ) in shrimp (1224.82) followed by marine fish (815.87), IMC+ (364.89), tilapia (260.34), IMC (200.70), and pangasius (pond 198.92; cage 168.36). The major contributors to the disease burden included production loss (23.90%), expenses on prophylactics (50.31%) and therapeutics (17.26%). The economic loss was dominated by diseases of multiple etiology (US$ 468.27 M), bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia (US$ 326.47 M), and epizootic ulcerative syndrome (US$ 88.12 M) in finfish and by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection (US$ 571.24 M) in shrimp. Multinomial logit regression identified farm size, water source and exchange, stocking biomass and feed type as the main determinants of disease. The study findings would assist in prioritizing resource allocation and developing intervention strategies at the national level for effective and targeted disease management.
Keywords: Economic loss, Diseases, Aquaculture, India, Burden
Received: 13 Aug 2024; Accepted: 25 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Patil, Geetha, Mishra, Abraham, Solanki, Krupesha Sharma, Pradhan, Manna, Avunje, Abhinaya, Felix, Vinay, Paniprasad, PARIA, Ananda Raja, Saraswathy, Sahoo, Rathod, Rameshkumar, Baitha, Thomas, Patil, Jayanthi, Swain, Sanil and Jena. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Prasanna Patil, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (ICAR), Chennai, India
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