Raj K JAT ¹ Vijay Singh Meena ^2* Shubham Durgude ¹ R K Sohane ³ Ratnesh Kumar Jha ⁴ A Kumar ⁵ U Kumar ⁵ A Kumar ⁶ R N Singh ⁷ S Kumar ⁸ Illathur Rajesh Reddy ¹ Selvaganesan Pazhanismy ¹ Rakesh Kumar ⁵ Sunita K Meena ⁴ V Prakesh ⁵ S Kumar ⁷ Anirban Mukherjee ⁵ Brijendu Kumar ⁷ U N Umesh ⁷ R K Singh ⁷ R Chaubey ⁷ V Kumar ⁷ M Kumar ⁷ V Kumar ⁷ K Sardha ⁷ S Singh ⁷ R K Singh ⁷ S Kumari ⁷ K M Singh ⁷ G Kumar ⁷ R K Tiwari ⁴ V Kashyap ⁴ S Kushwaha ⁴ S Das ⁴ P p Gautam ⁴ N M Alam ⁶ S Kumar ⁴ S Kumar ⁴ B Upadhaya ⁴ S K Singh ⁴ S Ghosh ⁴ S BHAGAT ¹ A K Lenka ¹

• ¹ CIMMYT-Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA),, Samastipur, Bihar, India
• ² Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi, India
• ³ Directorate of Extension Education, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
• ⁴ Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
• ⁵ ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patana, Bihar, India
• ⁶ Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, Delhi, India
• ⁷ BAU-Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar) India, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
• ⁸ The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), New Delhi, National Capital Territory of Delhi, India

How effective are climate resilient agricultural technologies (CRATs) in overcoming barriers faced in agri-food system by farmers across the different agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of Bihar? This study examines the barriers that hinder farmers in Bihar from adopting CRATs amidst the growing impacts of climate change on global agri-food systems. It focuses on key CRATs, including zero tillage/minimum tillage (ZT/MT), laser land leveling (LLL), climate-resilient variety selection (CRVS), crop diversification (CD), site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), crop calendar and timely sowing (CCTS), and direct-seeded rice (DSR), and investigates the factors affecting their adoption. Investigating the barriers that prevent farmers in Bihar from adopting CRATs amid the escalating impacts of climate change on global food systems. This study investigatesthe CRATs like Zero-tillage/minimum tillage (ZTMT), laser land levelling (LLL), climate resilient variety selection (CRVS), crop diversification (CD), site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), crop calendar and timely sowing (CCTS), and direct seeded rice (DSR) and their adoption. Using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and logistic regression, key factors that influence the adoption of CRATs these technologies were identified. Descriptive statistics showed moderate levels of soil health awareness (mean value = 2.70) and climate change awareness (mean value = 2.63). Correlation analysis found that social factors like training received had a positive correlation with the adoption of DSR (correlation coefficient = 0.410). Logistic regression results highlighted that technology awareness significantly influences the adoption of DSR (coefficient = 0.400, p = 0.253), while initial investment costs are major barriers for ZT/MT and LLL (coefficient = 0.400, pp = 0.267). Results highlight the need to improve awareness through educational programs, provide technical support, and offer financial incentives to overcome the various barriers farmers faced. Targeted efforts in these areas can significantly increase the adoption of the CRATs, leading to more resilient and sustainable farming systems. Study supports not only the sustainable agricultural development but also align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 15 (Life on Land).