Biomedical applications and health impacts of emerging nanostructured materials

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About this Research Topic

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Background

The combination of nanotechnology and biotechnology creates opportunities to overcome challenges of traditional biomedicine. Through manipulating interactions between therapeutic or diagnostic molecules and biological systems at the nanoscale, novel nanostructures which are designed to cross specific biological barriers enable targeted delivery and controlled release of these agents and enhance the therapeutic or diagnostic outcomes. Besides, these intelligent nano-platforms are often designed to possess properties of multifunctionality, programmability, and responsiveness to the local physiological environment. As a result, these highly biologically responsive but foreign nanostructures could also have negative health concerns. Therefore, over the courses of the nanotechnology and biomedicine developments, it is equally important to innovate their biomedical applications and to investigate the health effects (toxicities) of those emerging nanostructured materials.

Designing novel nanostructures to overcome existing challenges is a high-priority research strategy for beneficial biomedical applications. Meanwhile, several critical issues regarding bioactivity, compatibility, and nano-bio interfacial properties of emerging nanostructures remain to be addressed. For example, the health concerns of various emerging nanostructured materials to living systems due to their biomedical or environmental exposures should be carefully examined. Focusing on these opportunities and challenges, this Research Topic aims to provide up-to-date information on the bioactivity, compatibility, and toxicity of a wide range of emerging nanostructured materials. The development of novel nano-systems or new therapeutic concepts helps support the diverse biomedical requirements. Meanwhile, revealing the underlying mechanisms involved in the nano-bio interactions and exploration of related nanotoxicity and health effects are beneficial for the safe applications of these nanostructures.

The Research Topic highlights the most recent developments, including opportunities and challenges of emerging nanostructured materials in the fields of biomedical applications and their health concerns. Research papers, opinions, mini-reviews, and review articles focusing on the biomedical applications and nanotoxicology of the most recently developed nanostructured materials are all welcome. Themes may include but are not limited to:

 Novel concepts for the synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity assessment of nano-biomaterials.

 "Enzyme-like" activity of new therapeutic nano-agents and its biological applications.

 In vitro and in vivo toxicity of emerging nanomaterials.

 Approaches to modulate biological effects or toxicities of nanomaterials

 Mechanistic study on nano-bio interactions.

 Safe-by-design concepts for the development of nano-systems for biomedical applications.

Keywords: Nanomedicine, nanotoxicology, emerging nanostructures, nano-cell interaction, 2D nanomaterials, intelligent nanoplatform

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