Emerging Roles of the Host Immune Contexture and Microenvironment in the Early Pathogenesis of Lung Cancer

  • 24k

    Total downloads

  • 74k

    Total views and downloads

Submit your idea

Select the journal/section where you want your idea to be submitted:

Submit your manuscript

About this Research Topic

Submission closed

Background

The dynamic relationship between tumor cells and immune microenvironment plays key roles in lung cancer pathogenesis. This interplay often involves failure of deployment of cytotoxic T-cell lymphocytes (CTLs) that can target tumor cells, and induction of a pro-tumor/immune-suppressive inflammatory microenvironment. Tumor-promoting inflammation is a major hallmark of lung cancer. Mutant (transformed) lung epithelial cells produce various cytokines and chemokines that attract leukocytes.

Leukocytes can amplify epithelial innate immune responses by initiating a secondary wave of anti- or pro-tumor immune response (intrinsic inflammation). Markers of the immune response are prognostic and predictive in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients; for example, increased levels of tumor-infiltrating CTLs are a favorable prognostic indicator, and on the contrary, macrophage infiltration is associated with a poor prognosis and reduced survival. The relationship between cigarette smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory disease of the lung, serves as a paradigm for the interdependency of oncogenic transformation and inflammation in lung tumorigenesis.

Smokers with COPD have an increased risk of lung cancer compared to smokers with comparable cigarette exposure but without COPD. Importantly, among smokers with COPD, even following smoking cessation, inflammation persists as does the increased risk of lung cancer. These observations suggest a strong link between COPD-related inflammation (extrinsic inflammation) and lung cancer independent of smoking. Yet, the exact mechanistic interaction between intrinsic oncogene-driven inflammation and/or extrinsic COPD-related inflammation and the immuno-editing process necessary to escape immunosurveillance into tumor promotion and progression in early phases of lung cancer development are still not well understood. Major immune checkpoint pathways suppressing CTLs function comprise the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), its receptor PD-1, and CTLA-4. Strategies to target these immune checkpoints have become the cornerstone of immunotherapy, and have shown durable responses in patients with “immunogenic” tumors, particularly melanomas and LUADs in smokers.

Studies have shown that a high mutation burden, likely to be caused by carcinogens such as cigarette smoking, is linked to increased immunogenicity and response to immune checkpoint blockers (ICB). Of note, tumoral expression of PD-L1 is positively correlated with somatic mutation burden in LUAD. Also, tumor expression of PD-L1 is associated with response to antibodies against PD-L1 or PD-1. Despite these insights, it is not clear how immune surveillance mechanisms may be altered early in lung cancer pathogenesis. It is not also clear whether COPD in lung cancer patients impacts response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this research topic, we propose to provide new and existing data dissecting the cell-type specific mechanistic roles of the host immune contexture and its interplay with tumor/epithelial cells in the early pathogenesis of lung cancer. Also, the topic will discuss immunogenomics of lung cancer with an emphasis on early phases in the disease including preneoplasia. We will also review the functional and translational significance of targeting these immune-based pathways for prevention and early treatment of lung malignancy. In addition, we will discuss the potential of combining novel immune-based modalities to improve the efficacy of currently available treatment regimens including ICB in lung cancer.

In this Research Topic, we welcome the submission of Original Research, Review, Methods, Protocols and Hypothesis and Theory articles covering, but not limited to, the following topics:
• New and existing data dissecting the cell-type specific mechanistic roles of the host immune contexture and its interplay with tumor/epithelial cells in the early pathogenesis of lung cancer.
• Immunogenomics of lung cancer with an emphasis on early phases in the disease.
• The functional and translational significance of targeting these immune-based pathways for prevention and early treatment of lung malignancy.
• Combination strategies of immune-based modalities to improve the efficacy of other available treatment regimens in lung cancer.

Keywords: lung cancer, inflammation, microenvironment, immune cells, stroma, immunogenomics, immune system

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Topic editors

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

     

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

     

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

     

Participating Journals

Impact

  • 74kTopic views
  • 49kArticle views
  • 24kArticle downloads
View impact