More than a “Formulas Problem”: IOL power calculation and biometry in the era of “refractive cataract”.

In the realm of ophthalmology, the human visual system is a complex interplay of physical and neural components, extending beyond the eye's refractive elements to include neural pathways leading to the occipital cortex. This area of the brain is crucial for processing visual stimuli, with specific Brodmann areas responsible for spatial and temporal perception. Neural adaptation to changes in the optical system, such as those caused by cataracts or refractive surgery, occurs in two stages: an initial rapid adjustment followed by a prolonged adaptation over several months. This understanding underscores the importance of precise Intraocular Lens (IOL) power calculation in cataract surgery, which is not merely a matter of applying formulas but requires accurate biometry. Current research highlights the need for precise measurements of ocular parameters like axial length and keratometry, alongside the selection of appropriate lens constants. Despite advancements in IOL power calculation formulas, there remains a gap in understanding the nuances of biometry and its impact on surgical outcomes, particularly in complex cases.

This research topic aims to highlight the intricacies of IOL power calculation and biometry, emphasizing the need for precision in measuring ocular parameters and understanding the limitations of current methodologies. The objective is to explore the differences in biometer technologies, the impact of axial length correction factors, and the comparative effectiveness of various keratometry assessment technologies. Additionally, the research seeks to determine optimized lens constants and their application in specific scenarios, such as refractive surgery or keratoconus.

To gather further insights in the field of IOL power calculation and biometry, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Comparative analysis of biometer technologies and methodologies for axial length measurement.
- Impact of axial length correction factors on IOL power calculation accuracy.
- Evaluation of simulated Keratometry versus Total Keratometry in different ocular conditions.
- Determination and application of optimized lens constants for specific IOL power formulas.
- Challenges and solutions in IOL power calculation for complex cases, including post-refractive surgery and keratoconus.
- Advances in understanding neural adaptation processes post-cataract surgery and their implications for IOL power calculation.

Keywords: Biometry, IOL Power calculation, Visual Sciences, Cataract Surgery, Refractive Error.

Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.