Genetic and Molecular Markers in Viral Infections

  • 525

    Total views and downloads

About this Research Topic

Submission deadlines

  1. Manuscript Summary Submission Deadline 7 February 2025 | Manuscript Submission Deadline 25 July 2025

  2. This Research Topic is still accepting articles.

Background

Viral infections have a major impact on human history, as several diseases caused by viruses have been, and continue to be, responsible for significant epidemics (such as smallpox, HIV/AIDS and more recently, COVID-19 and monkeypox). The development of serious and debilitating chronic diseases such as the syndromes caused by HIV-1, HTLV-1, HBV and HCV are yet to be fully elucidated. Several mechanisms act to combat viruses, promoting control and limiting viral infection. The evolution of infections to severe disease is influenced by the expression of certain virulence components or by the varied expression of the host's immune response. Dysregulation of the immune response can promote an ineffective antiviral response or an exacerbated inflammatory response, inducing the development of acute diseases with high mortality or the persistence of viruses in the host, responsible for chronic diseases. Genetic variations that occur in viral and host genomes can trigger changes in the immune response and may determine a favorable or worse prognosis during viral infections. Some viruses have high mutation rates and are able to successfully evade the immune response. Genetic changes in important molecules of the host's immune response can influence the intensity of the antiviral and inflammatory response and, ultimately impact on the susceptibility to viruses and on the manifestation of symptoms. The response to infections differs between individuals, resulting in infections with different intensities, ranging from asymptomatic to severe and fatal. A better understanding of genetic and molecular variations that can be characterized as markers of viral infection evolution and disease progression will contribute to the development of more effective strategies for controlling and treating human viral infections.

Many viruses present mutations that promote the escape of the host's immune response, such as HIV-1, HCV, HBV, HTLV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, contributing to their persistence. Immune dysregulation may contribute to the pathogenesis of viral infections leading to the development of serious clinical manifestations. Genetic polymorphisms in coding sequences of key components of the immunological and inflammatory response are important factors that can promote an imbalance in infection control and the generation of the disease. Some variations in immune response genes, such as TLRs and CCR5, have been associated with plague and smallpox pandemics, respectively. Mutations in TLR3 pathway genes may impair the innate immune response against HSV-1 and increase susceptibility to herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). The HLA-B*14:02 and HLA-C*08:02 alleles were associated with a lower risk of developing COVID-19, suggesting that these alleles may promote more effective presentation of viral peptides and faster clearance of infection, decreasing susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. This research topic focuses on studies that seek to identify genetic and molecular markers that can serve as correlates of protection as well as prognostic biomarkers to monitor viral infections in humans. The objective is to identify (i) variations in virus genes that may contribute to better adaptation or persistence in the host, (ii) deregulation of immunity molecules involved in the progression of infection and, (iii) genetic polymorphisms in components that govern the immune response and inflammatory associated with susceptibility to infection and the development of disease.

We welcome original research articles, methods, reviews, mini-reviews and case studies on the following subtopics:
- Identification of evolutionary changes in viral species that infect humans;
- Identification of viral factors and mechanisms involved in modulating the antiviral immune response against viruses that infect humans;
- Identification of molecular changes in immunity components involved in the progression of human viral infections;
- Identification of genetic polymorphisms in components of immunity that may influence susceptibility to human viral infections and the development of diseases.

Article types and fees

This Research Topic accepts the following article types, unless otherwise specified in the Research Topic description:

  • Brief Research Report
  • Editorial
  • General Commentary
  • Hypothesis and Theory
  • Methods
  • Mini Review
  • Opinion
  • Original Research
  • Perspective

Articles that are accepted for publication by our external editors following rigorous peer review incur a publishing fee charged to Authors, institutions, or funders.

Keywords: Human viral infections, genetics, immunity, virulence

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

Manuscripts can be submitted to this Research Topic via the main journal or any other participating journal.

Impact

  • 525Topic views
View impact