About this Research Topic
Myeloid neoplasms make up a group of heterogeneous clonal diseases of hematopoietic cellular origin. Pediatric myeloid neoplasms include myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is the most frequent in childhood when compared to CML, JMML, and MDS, which are considered rare. Recently, the new classification of myeloid neoplasms emphasizes the importance of investigation at the molecular level, as they may have experienced a germline origin. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the curative treatment for patients with poor prognosis and therapy resistance. So, the diagnosis and prognosis of these patients are essential for the indication of HSCT. The diagnosis can be difficult due to overlapping symptoms with other diseases and tends to have a more aggressive clinical presentation than adults.
Due to the rarity of these diseases in pediatric patients, the mechanisms that led to their development, resistance to therapy, and evolution are still unknown. Studies have pointed to the role of cytogenetic, genetic, and epigenetic alterations in tracing possible evolutionary pathways in adult patients. However, these data are scarce in pediatric patients, making the management of these children even more difficult. Patients who have rare alterations or who are resistant to conventional treatment become an additional challenge when determining the prognosis and choosing new therapies. Most of these patients had worse outcomes, with greater resistance to chemotherapy and higher rates of treatment-related mortality. More studies are needed to show the management of these patients and their particularities.
This Research Topic aims to highlight the most recent advances regarding the epidemiological, clinical, biological, genetic, epigenetic, and therapeutic aspects of pediatric patients with myeloid neoplasms (MDS, MDS/MPN, JMML, CML, and AML) and to provide new insights that may be useful to further improve diagnosis, prognosis and, treatment.
This Research Topic welcomes Original Research, Reviews, and Case Reports submissions covering, but not limited to, the following topics:
• Case series or family reports of pediatric neoplasms;
• Cytogenetic and genetic analyses in pediatric myeloid neoplasms and their prognosis;
• New findings on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development and evolution of pediatric myeloid neoplasms;
• Comparative studies between MDS with de novo AML;
• Therapeutic approaches in pediatric myeloid neoplasms and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioning.
Due to the rarity of these diseases in pediatric patients, the mechanisms that led to their development, resistance to therapy, and evolution are still unknown. Studies have pointed to the role of cytogenetic, genetic, and epigenetic alterations in tracing possible evolutionary pathways in adult patients. However, these data are scarce in pediatric patients, making the management of these children even more difficult. Patients who have rare alterations or who are resistant to conventional treatment become an additional challenge when determining the prognosis and choosing new therapies. Most of these patients had worse outcomes, with greater resistance to chemotherapy and higher rates of treatment-related mortality. More studies are needed to show the management of these patients and their particularities.
This Research Topic aims to highlight the most recent advances regarding the epidemiological, clinical, biological, genetic, epigenetic, and therapeutic aspects of pediatric patients with myeloid neoplasms (MDS, MDS/MPN, JMML, CML, and AML) and to provide new insights that may be useful to further improve diagnosis, prognosis and, treatment.
This Research Topic welcomes Original Research, Reviews, and Case Reports submissions covering, but not limited to, the following topics:
• Case series or family reports of pediatric neoplasms;
• Cytogenetic and genetic analyses in pediatric myeloid neoplasms and their prognosis;
• New findings on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development and evolution of pediatric myeloid neoplasms;
• Comparative studies between MDS with de novo AML;
• Therapeutic approaches in pediatric myeloid neoplasms and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioning.
Keywords: myeloid neoplasms, genetic, epigenetic, treatment
Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.
