Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Cancer Patients via Transcriptome and Single-Cell Sequencing during Immunotherapy Combinations

Immunotherapy has emerged as a groundbreaking approach in the treatment of cancer, offering promising results in improving survival rates for patients with various solid tumors, such as melanoma. This innovative treatment modality works by activating the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. However, challenges such as drug resistance and suboptimal responses to treatment remain significant hurdles in the field. To address these issues, combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies are being explored, which involve the use of multiple immunotherapeutic agents or the combination of immunotherapy with traditional cancer treatments like radiotherapy and targeted therapy. Recent advancements in transcriptome analysis and single-cell sequencing have provided powerful tools for examining the gene expression profiles of individual cells, offering insights into cellular heterogeneity and the dynamic processes within the immune microenvironment during combination therapies. Despite these advancements, a comprehensive understanding of the immune microenvironment in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy is still lacking, necessitating further investigation.

This research topic aims to delve into the complex immune microenvironment of cancer patients receiving immunotherapy or combination therapies by utilizing transcriptome analysis and single-cell sequencing. The primary objective is to uncover the mechanisms and intervention points that influence the development of "hot" and "cold" tumors, which are critical in determining the success of cancer immunotherapies. By achieving a deeper understanding of these processes, the research seeks to provide empirical data and insights that will guide the development of precise therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving patient outcomes and advancing the field of cancer treatment.

To gather further insights into the immune microenvironment in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Utilizing transcriptome analysis, single-cell sequencing, and other high-throughput methodologies to identify distinct immunological subtypes of cancer.
- Conducting studies to discover novel cancer prognostic markers, associated prognostic signatures, and to predict responses to immunotherapy.
- Investigating the carcinogenic potential of environmental disruptors, their adverse effects on the human immune system, and their interactions with cancer immunity.
- Employing single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome analysis to elucidate the spatial localization relationships between cells and explore the underlying immune mechanisms within tumors.

Keywords: Immunotherapy, Transcriptome analysis, Single-cell sequencing analysis, Tumor microenvironment, Combination Treatments

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