Prognostic Value of Inflammatory and Thrombotic Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, with acute myocardial infarction (MI) representing the clinical condition associated with the greatest morbidity and mortality, accounting for up to 30% of in-hospital deaths. Advances in acute cardiovascular care, including prompt reperfusion with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and more effective medical therapy, have significantly improved the prognosis of MI patients in recent years. However, this increased survival has revealed a previously unrecognized short- and long-term risk of recurrent cardiovascular events despite optimal medical therapy. Nearly one-fifth of MI patients experience rehospitalization within one year, and 10% suffer from recurrent MI. Current guidelines from the American Heart Association and the European Society of Cardiology highlight the lack of useful biomarkers to predict in-hospital complications and short/long-term prognosis of MI patients, recommending only the measurement of troponin and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) serum levels, with the latter associated with a low level of evidence. Although several studies, particularly those conducted in the 90s before the routine use of dual antiplatelet therapy, have described the pivotal and prognostic role of coronary thrombosis and hypercoagulable state in MI, conclusive data on the real usefulness and additional value of biomarkers in the management of MI patients are still lacking.

This research topic aims to provide new evidence and summarize current evidence on the potential prognostic role of inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The main objectives include identifying specific biomarkers that can improve risk stratification, predicting adverse events, and enhancing the prognosis of MI patients. By addressing these questions, the research seeks to fill the existing gaps in knowledge and offer a more comprehensive understanding of the role of these biomarkers in clinical practice.

To gather further insights into the prognostic role of inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers in MI, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Identification and validation of novel inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers in MI.
- Comparative studies on the prognostic value of existing biomarkers.
- Mechanistic studies elucidating the role of inflammation and thrombosis in MI pathophysiology.
- Clinical trials assessing the impact of biomarker-guided therapy on patient outcomes.
- Meta-analyses and systematic reviews summarizing current evidence on biomarkers in MI.
- Development of risk stratification models incorporating inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers.
- Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of biomarker-based strategies in MI management.