Explainable AI for Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Disease Detection and Monitoring

  • 1,041

    Total downloads

  • 4,295

    Total views and downloads

About this Research Topic

Submission deadlines

  1. Manuscript Summary Submission Deadline 30 April 2025 | Manuscript Submission Deadline 31 July 2025 | Manuscript Extension Submission Deadline 31 August 2025

  2. This Research Topic is still accepting articles.

Background

There is a critical need for noninvasive and reliable neuroimaging biomarkers to facilitate the early detection of neurological and psychological disorders, monitor disease progression, and objectively assess treatment outcomes. Over the past decades, network analysis approaches such as principal component analysis, independent component analysis, and graph theoretical analysis have been instrumental in analyzing functional brain imaging data, including fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Similarly, diffusion tensor imaging, fiber tractography, and connectome-based analysis have been applied to diffusion MRI to study disease-related structural brain networks. While these approaches have significantly advanced the field, their performance can vary due to factors such as data acquisition protocols, collection sites, and differences in scanner vectors.

The recent advent of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning models, has introduced new opportunities for the study of disease-related brain networks in neuroimaging. These methods uncover patterns that were previously challenging to identify, enabling more precise detection of biomarkers and clinical features. Explainable AI (XAI) frameworks further enhance this process by offering interpretable insights, fostering user trust, and improving understanding of the outputs generated by machine learning algorithms. Despite these advancements, there remains a pressing need to develop robust and unbiased neuroimaging biomarkers across large, multi-center datasets and to establish frameworks that integrate explainability into AI-driven analyses.

This Research Topic seeks to address these challenges by focusing on the integration of deep learning neural networks and XAI in neuroimaging to characterize and validate disease-related networks. By leveraging techniques such as graph theoretical analysis, this initiative aims to explore changes in brain organization, investigate longitudinal disease progression, and assess treatment outcomes. A particular emphasis is placed on transparency and the interpretability of AI-based methods to build trust and confidence among researchers and clinicians.

Identification and validation of imaging biomarkers for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
- Application of XAI to visually represent and interpret disease-related networks.
- Utilization of graph theoretical analysis to explore brain organization in disease-related networks.
- Longitudinal studies of disease progression and their implications for treatment monitoring.
- Comparative studies of various neuroimaging analysis methods, including AI-driven approaches.
- Development of protocols for multi-center neuroimaging studies to ensure consistency and reliability.
- Ethical considerations and strategies to enhance user trust in AI-generated neuroimaging insights.
- Integration of neuroimaging biomarkers into clinical workflows for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Article types and fees

This Research Topic accepts the following article types, unless otherwise specified in the Research Topic description:

  • Brief Research Report
  • Conceptual Analysis
  • Data Report
  • Editorial
  • General Commentary
  • Hypothesis and Theory
  • Methods
  • Mini Review
  • Opinion

Articles that are accepted for publication by our external editors following rigorous peer review incur a publishing fee charged to Authors, institutions, or funders.

Keywords: machine learning, deep learning, explainable artificial intelligence, neuroimaging, network analysis organization

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

Manuscripts can be submitted to this Research Topic via the main journal or any other participating journal.

Impact

  • 4,295Topic views
  • 2,629Article views
  • 1,041Article downloads
View impact