Insight Into Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) With One Health Perspective

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Background

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), a condition in which bacteria develop resistance against antibiotic/s and pose serious problems for human health, agriculture, and the environment, must be addressed from a One Health approach. The One Health philosophy recognizes the connection of environmental health, animal health, and human health as well as the possibility that the abuse of antibiotics in one area may have an impact on the others. AMR can spread between people, animals, and the environment through a variety of channels, including direct contact, food chain transmission, and environmental pollution. The issue is made worse by the shared use of antibiotics in human and veterinary care, as resistant bacteria can develop and spread between species. Zoonotic illnesses, which can spread from animals to humans, are also associated with antibiotic use in animals. The possible transfer of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms from animals to humans highlights the necessity of a coordinated One Health strategy to control antibiotic consumption across sectors. Additionally, wastewater and agricultural runoff are two ways that antibiotics and resistant bacteria can enter the environment. This environmental contamination aids in the emergence and spread of AMR. Therefore, there is an urgent need to look into transmission dynamics of the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) with One health perspective.

A One Health concept promotes collaboration and knowledge exchange among experts in human and animal health, environmental science, politicians, and researchers in order to effectively address the problem. The One Health concept, which places a strong emphasis on a holistic strategies, strives to protect public health, promote sustainable antimicrobial usage across all sectors, and maintain the efficacy of current antibiotics.

As we are well aware, AMR is constantly evolving, and many times, microbes no longer respond to conventional antibiotics, it becomes imperative to identify the root causes and transmission dynamics of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) among these microbes. The sources of microbial infections in humans are diverse, including the environment and animals. Therefore, apart from healthcare setups, it is also essential to conduct surveillance of AMR and ARGs in animals and the environment.

This specific call, focused on gaining insight into antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from a One Health perspective, seeks researchers who are actively investigating the transmission mechanisms of antimicrobial genes (ARGs) and their dynamics. We particularly welcome contributions from those engaged in close collaboration with healthcare facilities, environmental science, and the animal sector. Additionally, researchers with expertise in next-generation sequencing techniques for mining ARGs are of particular interest for this call. Additionally, those who are isolating and characterizing microbes and demonstrating genotypic-phenotypic co-relation are also of interest for this special call.

We welcome original research, systematic reviews, mini reviews, perspectives, clinical trials, and data reports. Case reports are not appropriate for this Research Topic. All articles must include genomics or omics data as a central part of their methods. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

* Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and One Health

* Genotypic and phenotypic correlation of AMR

* Antibiotics and AMR

* Transmission dynamics of antimicrobial genes (ARGs)

* Next-generation sequencing techniques for mining of ARGs

* Multiomics and/or omics-based approach for AMR and ARG

Keywords: Antimicrobial Resistance, Next Generation Sequencing, One Health, Global Surveillance, AMR Transmission dynamics, Poultry farming

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

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