An Update on Cognitive Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation: From Bench to Clinic

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About this Research Topic

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Background

Cognitive neuroscience and neurorehabilitation have undergone considerable development as a specialized field of basic research and clinical application over the past few decades. Cognitive neuroscience is a scientific field related with an academic study of the biological and molecular aspects that underlie cognition and mental processes to address the issues of theoretical and mechanistic basis on cognitive impairments following brain injury.

Historically, cognitive neuroscience has emerged to integrate the new theoretical ground with approaches in experimental psychology, neuropsychology and neuroscience. The field of cognitive neuroscience has been increasingly recognized as an area of great interest since new technologies including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been evolved in the late 20th century.

The damaged brain largely undergoes changes in neural circuits and connectivity as well as dysfunctions during cognitive processes such as learning and memory. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to the brain damage consist of an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience and neurorehabilitation. Paticularly, studies of cognitive neurorehabilitation have been focused on patients with cognitive impairments following traumatic brain injury, hypoxic brain injury and ischemic brain injury.

This Research Topic focuses on biological and molecular processes that underlie cognition in terms of the neural connections using functional neuroimaging studies, modulation of synaptic transmission, mechanisms of neuroplasticity or reorganization in the brain, outcome measures using neuropsychological tests, and functional recovery in the damaged central nervous system.

In addition to the clinical application of neurobehavioral strategies, this Research Topic includes basic research at a laboratory bench and translational research in the fields of neuroscience, neurology, psychology, and rehabilitation medicine. Researchers who investigate neuropsychological evaluation including attention, memory, emotion, motivation as well as executive function, and the effects of therapeutic approaches such as pharmacologic agents and cognitive training in the affected animals and patients are also encouraged to submit to this Research Topic.

Keywords: cognition, neuroscience, neurorehabilitation, bench, clinic

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