Immune responses to MTB infection in people living with HIV

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Background

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection cause classical pathological lesions including caseous necrosis, exudation, and granuloma. The infection may cause systemic or local lesions in nearly each organ of human body. The immune cells involved in the responses to MTB infection include T cells, B cells, neutrophils, macrophages and the variants of macrophages, i.e., epitheloid cells, etc. In more detail, the metabolism of involved immune cell subsets changes, the machinery of ubiquitin of the cells accommodate the noxious intracellular bacteria, MTB, is also altered. As a result, the predominant MTB caused lesions in each individual most probably depends on the relationship between bacteria virulence and host immunity.

However, in people living with HIV (PLWH), compromised immune system may cause different immune responses, especially due to the imbalanced T cell function. The clinical and pathological presentations of MTB infection in PLWH are subsequently different from those in immune competent population. That makes it difficult to diagnose and treat MTB combined HIV in time. A better understanding of the immune responses to MTB in PLWH may help to develop new diagnosing tools and exploit new therapeutics.

This Research Topic welcomes the submission of original research, review or mini-review, short communications, and methods articles. In particular this topic will address, but is not limited to, the following aspects of Immune responses to MTB infection in people living with HIV:

• The immune cell subsets and functions in the peripheral blood or body fluid in individuals infected with HIV and MTB

• Immune cell subsets distribution in the local lesion caused by HIV and MTB infection, the function of each subsets of immune cells that involved in the local immune responses to HIV and MTB infection

•Detecting the immune related complex or molecules that can be defined as the diagnostic marker

• Differences in metabolism in immune cell subsets when PLWH infected with MTB, and the effects of metabolic alterations immune responses to MTB combined with HIV infection

•Changes in ubiquitin machinery of immune cells in responses to HIV and MTB infection

Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject.

Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Keywords: Human Immunodifeciency Virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, immune cells, Immune cell metabolism, ubiquitin

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

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