Acute Toxicities and Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment

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Background

Treatment results in pediatric cancers have improved significantly during the last decades due to the development of intensive chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and novel therapeutic measures such as immunotherapy and other targeted treatment methods. In parallel, great progress was made in supportive care to manage the broad spectrum of acute toxicities affecting most organs in children during anti-cancer therapy including invasive aspergillosis (IA) infections, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Most common acute toxicities are reversible however some are still life-threatening.

Due to the growing number of long-term survivors following pediatric cancer therapy, numerous studies have increased focus on the late effects of childhood cancer treatment. The occurrence of long-term effects depends on the type of cancer, age at diagnosis, localization of the tumor, anti-cancer therapy (chemotherapy; radiotherapy; surgery), and individual predispositions. Despite increasing awareness and improvement in long-term care of pediatric cancer survivors, late effects still affect the quality of life and increase mortality after anti-cancer therapy in childhood.

Further studies concerning pathophysiology, genetic factors influencing individual predisposition, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of acute and long-term effects of anti-cancer therapy are needed. Multidisciplinary collaboration between pediatricians of many specializations, specialists of internal medicine, psychologist, and physiotherapists is crucial to provide complete long-term care for pediatric cancer survivors during childhood and adulthood. Our goal is to collect and publish original journal articles and reviews that address all aspects of childhood cancer treatment's acute and long-term effects.

We would welcome original research papers and reviews including but not limited to the following topics:
1. Genetic predisposition to acute toxicities and long-term effects of childhood cancer therapy
2. Infectious complications of chemotherapy in children
3. Management of acute toxicities of chemotherapy and radiotherapy
4. Second malignancies in pediatric cancer survivors
5. Neurocognitive, psychological, cardiopulmonary, endocrine, musculoskeletal, renal complications in children – pathophysiology, monitoring, management
6. Metabolic disorders during and after cancer therapy in children
7. Difference in the scope of cancer therapy complications in the AYA group

Keywords: toxicity, late effects, pediatric cancer, therapy

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

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