Antigen Processing and Presentation in Autoimmunity

  • 3,619

    Total downloads

  • 12k

    Total views and downloads

About this Research Topic

Submission closed

Background

The mechanisms by which host proteins with diverse expression patterns, sub-cellular localizations, and functions become targets of the immune response in autoimmune diseases remain unclear. The processing and presentation of autoantigenic epitopes relies on factors specific to the autoantigen itself, those present in the disease microenvironment, and the processing machinery of the individual. Many autoantigens across the spectrum of autoimmune diseases are united by their propensity to be modified. Although changes of the structure of proteins can be part of a normal homoeostatic process, aberrant proteolysis, post-translational modifications, mutations, or binding to foreign molecules, like medications, may alter normal antigen processing and presentation, leading to exposure of previously hidden epitopes.

It has also been observed that the tissues targeted in autoimmune diseases may express unique forms or increased levels of seemingly ubiquitously expressed autoantigens, or antigens of similar structure with those of infectious agents (molecular mimicry). At the same time, parameters intrinsic to the antigen presenting cells (both professional and non-professional), like specific HLA risk alleles, quantity of presenting HLA molecules, or factors that can affect the function and/or expression of antigen-processing machinery, like an infection or medications, can be crucial in interactions with autoantigenic T cells, thus leading to initiation and propagation of an autoimmune response. Finally, dysregulation of T cell regulatory mechanisms such as thymic selection, proliferative and inhibitory signaling is detrimental to the establishment of disease. Understanding the process leading to presentation of hidden autoantigenic epitopes and activation of autoantigenic T cells is critical in advancing our knowledge of autoimmunity, with implications to other fields, and can lead to development of targeted immunotherapies.

The Research Topic “Autoantigen Processing and Presentation” welcomes all topics covering factors affecting antigen processing, presentation, and recognition in autoimmunity. We welcome all types of manuscripts, including Case Reports, Original Research, Review and Mini Reviews. Articles can be focused on, but not limited to:

• Antigen modifications that alter antigen processing and presentation
• Inherent and acquired characteristics of antigen processing machinery
• Infectious or antitumor immune responses leading to autoimmunity through molecular mimicry or antigen modification
• Characterization of autoantigenic T cells
• Therapeutic implications of antigen-specific strategies



Dr. Naoto Hirano is a co-founder and shareholder of TCRyption/Treadwell Therapeutics, related to the development of T cell gene therapy. and holds patents in the field of T cell gene therapy. The other Topic Editors declare no competing interests in relation to this Research Topic.

Keywords: antigen processing, antigen presentation, autoimmune epitopes, autoantigen, autoimmune disease, MHC class I and II, T-cell epitopes, post-translational modifications, mutation, HLA risk alleles

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Topic editors

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

     

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

     

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

     

Impact

  • 12kTopic views
  • 8,772Article views
  • 3,619Article downloads
View impact