The Immune Microenvironment in Renal Cell Carcinoma

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About this Research Topic

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Background

The therapeutic landscape for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has recently witnessed a dramatic expansion. With the utility of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI), and more recently immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), there is now an extensive therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of mRCC. We are fortunate to witness these new advancements in cancer immunology and the approval for various immune based treatments such as checkpoint-blockade, CAR- T and immune modulating drugs. Thus it is now critical to further understand the complex immunologic interactions for optimal matching of these novel targeted therapies and immune therapies.

We now know that targeted therapy and immunotherapy may be influenced by immune invasion in the TME. Various types of immune cells are involved in the tumor microenvironment and constitute the immune invasion mediated by tumor cells. These include T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Novel studies show improved insight into the true utility of precision medicine in the treatment of kidney cancers. These emerging personalized oncology approaches however, still encounter several unresolved hurdles including tumor heterogeneity, recurrence, and drug resistance. Furthermore we still lack full understanding of more effective ways to monitor response to these novel treatments. Therefore, an in-depth comprehension of the tumor microenvironment of renal cell carcinoma may further help us target these unsolved hurdles.

This Research Topic will encompass new and emerging concepts in the treatment and biology of renal cell carcinoma. The topic will include Original Research and Review articles focused on the immune microenvironment of renal cell carcinoma.

Common themes include but are not limited to:
-Current and emerging biomarkers for immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma
-Alterations in the immune tumor microenvironment under targeted and immunotherapy
-Emerging insight into the biology of tumor microenvironment based on novel preclinical models
-Role of various immune cell components comprising the tumor microenvironment in renal cell carcinoma

Please note: manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this section and will not be accepted as part of this Research Topic.

Keywords: renal cell carcinoma, immune microenvironment, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, predictive biomarkers

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