Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Diabetes, Heart Failure, and Cardiometabolic Treatment

As a recently approved class of anti-diabetes drugs, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors present a promising treatment option for the millions of patients living with diabetes mellitus. These inhibitors primarily work to reduce blood glucose by increasing urinary glucose excretion. This is done by blocking SGLT2 receptors located in the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron, where approximately 90% of glucose tubular reabsorption occurs.

However, recent evidence suggests SGLT2 inhibitors may also reduce the risk of heart failure, particularly though not exclusively in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies have demonstrated reduced rates of hospitalizations for heart failure with such SGLT2 inhibitors as empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin. While various potential mechanisms have been suggested, the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are currently not well explored and further research is needed to understand the nature of this connection.

This Research Topic will compile original research, review, and mini review articles on the impact of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on heart failure and cardiometabolic syndrome in diabetes patients.