Interplay Between Oncomicrobes, the Microbiota and the Immune System: Impact on Responses to Cancer Immunotherapy

  • 11k

    Total downloads

  • 30k

    Total views and downloads

About this Research Topic

Submission closed

Background

Cancer immunotherapies harness the power of the immune system to target cancer cells that express tumor-associated antigens. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies against inhibitory T cell receptors, i.e., PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, allow cancer cells that have evaded the immune system to be recognized as non-self by activated T lymphocytes. These therapeutic strategies have had clinical success; however, cancer immunotherapies fail in many patients, and the reasons for these mixed responses are not well understood. Thus, there is significant interest in identifying factors that modulate immune responses and influence the efficacy of immunotherapies. Evolving evidence has shown that one such factor is the constellation of commensal microbes inhabiting the human body, the microbiota.

The human microbiota is comprised of a vastly diverse array of archaea, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and unicellular protozoa that play critical roles in maintaining physiological homeostasis, including influencing the development and function of the peripheral immune system and anti-tumor immunosurveillance. Perturbations in the composition and balance of the microbiota (i.e., dysbiosis) can significantly modulate the immune system and result in pathologic conditions, such as chronic inflammation and cancer. It has emerged that the presence or absence of distinct commensal microbes can have a marked effect on the initiation and progression of cancers as well as host responses to cancer immunotherapies.

A number of well-studied biological pathogens that are known to cause cancer (i.e, oncomicrobes), such as Human Papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV/HCV) and H. pylori, can significantly influence the balance of the microbiome and have immunomodulatory effects. Despite our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these microbes, key questions remain regarding the impact of oncomicrobe induced alterations on microbiota:immune interactions and how these interactions impact tumorigenesis, anti-tumor immunosurveillance and responses to immunotherapy. Additionally, much remains to be learned about the consequences of immunotherapy on microbial communities and microbe:immune cell interactions.

Therefore, the scope of this collection to be published in Frontiers in Immunology is to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms that govern how oncomicrobes influence the microbiota and shape the immune system to affect anti-tumor immunity, cancer immunosurveillance and response to immunotherapies.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to the following:

• Interaction of microbiome and immune cells during and following cancer immunotherapy
• Effects of microbiota dysbiosis on cancers and anti-tumor immune responses
• Influence of oncomicrobial infections on the microbiome
• Immunomodulation in response to oncomicrobial infections
• Impact of oncomicrobes on responses to immunotherapy
• Identification of novel microbiota as biomarkers for immunotherapy responses in microbe-driven cancers

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

Participating Journals

Impact

  • 30kTopic views
  • 17kArticle views
  • 11kArticle downloads
View impact