About this Research Topic
Non-communicable chronic diseases, which are closely related to sedentary lifestyles, are the largest cause of death in the world, led by cardiovascular disease followed by cancer, chronic lung diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Not only are these diseases prevalent in developed countries, but these chronic diseases are becoming the dominating health problems worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, physical inactivity – responsible for the occurrence of many chronic diseases such as stroke - has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Regular exercise training offers protection against all-cause morbidity and mortality, primarily by protection against atherosclerosis, Type 2 diabetes, colon cancer, and breast cancer. In addition, exercise training is effective in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, being physically active has several benefits on psychiatric diseases such as depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia and neurological diseases like dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Evidence-based treatment is the preferred therapeutic approach and provides the most effective management strategy entailing the fewest side effects or risks. Hence, physical exercise is considered a part of a healthy lifestyle, and an important extension of medical treatment and health care.
However, little is known about the psycho-physiological mechanisms involved in the health benefits of exercise, and which modality of exercise training (type of exercise, intensity, duration, frequency, etc.) is more effective. As such, the aim of this Research Topic is to determine which modality of exercise is more effective for various chronic diseases and to explore the underlying physiological mechanisms of exercise on chronic diseases such as psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia); neurological diseases (dementia, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis); metabolic diseases (obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, Type 1 diabetes); cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral apoplexy, and claudication intermittent); pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis); musculo-skeletal disorders (osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, back pain, rheumatoid arthritis); and cancer.
However, little is known about the psycho-physiological mechanisms involved in the health benefits of exercise, and which modality of exercise training (type of exercise, intensity, duration, frequency, etc.) is more effective. As such, the aim of this Research Topic is to determine which modality of exercise is more effective for various chronic diseases and to explore the underlying physiological mechanisms of exercise on chronic diseases such as psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia); neurological diseases (dementia, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis); metabolic diseases (obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, Type 1 diabetes); cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral apoplexy, and claudication intermittent); pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis); musculo-skeletal disorders (osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, back pain, rheumatoid arthritis); and cancer.
Keywords: Physical Activity, Exercise, Training, Chronic Diseases, Health
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