About this Research Topic
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) characterized by chronic inflammation, pervasive demyelination, gliosis and neuronal lost.
Inflammation in periphery and in the CNS is prominent from the early stage to up through the progression of the disease. The immune therapies that reduce the number of pro-inflammatory cells and restore the immune regulation have contributed to positive outcome in delaying the disease progression supporting the importance of immune cells in MS pathogenesis. CD4 and CD8 T-cell infiltration was described in the edge and deep white matter lesions and has been shown to generate, with B cells and other immune cells, tertiary lymphoid-like structures in progressive MS. Activation of auto reactive T cells in the CNS, known as “outside-in hypothesis”, triggers the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the recruitment of immune cells in the CNS, which leads to oligodendrocyte destruction, axon damage and neuronal lost. On the other side, immune regulatory B and T cells that contribute to inflammation resolution and remyelinating processes, were observed dysfunctional and/or deficient in MS patients.
The goal of this Research Topic is to point out the immune system contribution in MS and related animal and in vitro model. We welcome Original Research, Opinion, Review and Mini Review articles that cover, and are not limited to, the following areas:
• therapies modulating or targeting the immune system in the context of MS.
• biomarkers predicting disease, progression, and potential outcome of therapies.
• new evidence confirming the pathogenic role of the immune response in MS.
Inflammation in periphery and in the CNS is prominent from the early stage to up through the progression of the disease. The immune therapies that reduce the number of pro-inflammatory cells and restore the immune regulation have contributed to positive outcome in delaying the disease progression supporting the importance of immune cells in MS pathogenesis. CD4 and CD8 T-cell infiltration was described in the edge and deep white matter lesions and has been shown to generate, with B cells and other immune cells, tertiary lymphoid-like structures in progressive MS. Activation of auto reactive T cells in the CNS, known as “outside-in hypothesis”, triggers the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the recruitment of immune cells in the CNS, which leads to oligodendrocyte destruction, axon damage and neuronal lost. On the other side, immune regulatory B and T cells that contribute to inflammation resolution and remyelinating processes, were observed dysfunctional and/or deficient in MS patients.
The goal of this Research Topic is to point out the immune system contribution in MS and related animal and in vitro model. We welcome Original Research, Opinion, Review and Mini Review articles that cover, and are not limited to, the following areas:
• therapies modulating or targeting the immune system in the context of MS.
• biomarkers predicting disease, progression, and potential outcome of therapies.
• new evidence confirming the pathogenic role of the immune response in MS.
Keywords: CNS, Multiple Sclerosis, Biomarkers, Immune Systems, CD4 T cells. CD8 T cells
Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.
