Exercise Friend or Foe? For the Management of Oxidative Stress in Health and Diseases

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Background

Exercise has been linked with reduced morbidity and all-cause mortality in both the general and diseased populations. Even a low level of exercise can promote a number of considerable benefits. However, risks exist in the way of oxidant formation that eventually lead to a potential outcome of pathophysiology and disease called “oxidative distress”. Since the discovery of oxidant formation due to exercise, only the detrimental effect of oxidants has been reported more often. Now, due to the advancement in the field of both exercise and free radical biology, benefits of both exercise and oxidants at a cellular level is largely explored. Indeed, exercise shapes several molecular signaling pathways with the help of oxidant production to prevent several oxidant-induced health diseases. However, some aspects of exercise, such as selecting the protocol and intensity that maintain the optimum level of oxidants is unequivocal. Also, the level of oxidant formation due to exercise following various physiological responses needs to be well addressed. Otherwise, it limits the benefits of both exercise and exercise-induced oxidant formation. For example, higher intensity exercise-induced oxidants can cause cellular structural damage, but this can also provide the better adaptation to the cells against higher oxidant-induced damage. This can result to produce better exercise performance even it extends the duration of the exercise performance and produce several health benefits. This is possibly because of the influencing adaptive signaling in response to exercise, biogenesis and bioenergetic of cells. Therefore, focusing on those factors could provide better insight of exercise-induced oxidants and subsequent benefits and/or to prevent oxidant-induced pathophysiology. Therefore, this double-faceted character of exercise-induced oxidants is to be well explored.

This Research Topic could be serving for publication of studies regarding exercise and its role in health and disease prevention and management that is caused by oxidants during exercise. Studies focusing on oxidant damage in many tissues, oxidant-induced muscle fatigue and activation of biochemical and molecular pathways that contribute to exercise induced adaptation in the muscle are welcomed. Supplements that counteract the oxidant-induced consequences during exercise are also focused on within this topic.

The scope of this Research Topic will provide knowledge on how exercise can organize oxidant-induced benefits instead of its consequences in the cells which can not only improve exercise performance but also promote health and prevent diseases ultimately.

Keywords: exercise, oxidants, health, biomechanics, exercise performance, supplement

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