Human Molecular and Physiological Responses to Hypoxia

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Background

High altitude is a natural laboratory, within which the evolutionary, pathophysiological, and clinical studies of human exposure to hypobaric hypoxia is possible. The human response to hypoxia is multifactorial involving the complex synergy of hematopoietic, respiratory, and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular systems to maintain adequate tissue oxygenation; failure in the response results in progressive hypoxemia, inflammation and increased oxidative stress. Specifically, the physiological acclimatisation and evolutionary adaptation processes in tissues and cells at high altitude are of high medical and social relevance not only to understand limitations in physical performance at high altitude but also to understand the consequences of hypoxemia and tissue hypoxia in critical illnesses. In patients, cellular hypoxia is known to be involved in the fundamental mechanism of injury in the pathogenesis of acute diseases, but also of chronic disorders such as atherosclerosis, arthritis, sleep-disorders, and other cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.

High altitude research is of international interest for clinicians and translational scientists. High-altitude research has broad clinical implications due to the nature of hypobaric hypoxic exposure and its physiological consequences. Despite previous efforts to standardize clinical parameters of High-altitude related illnesses, there remains a lack of uniformity in defining and reporting basic parameters both in clinical and molecular high altitude research. Due to the lack of uniformity, studies are very heterogeneous. Many studies incompletely report key data. This makes it difficult to reproduce, compare studies and to perform reliable meta-analyses. Moreover, after an initial interest in using new genomic approaches, in the last few years we noticed a slowdown in integrating and using new strategies and molecular techniques in approaching this topic. Because of this we would like to collect a series of research articles with innovative approaches and techniques applied from different points of view.

For this Research Topic, we welcome manuscripts that are concerned with gaining a better understanding of complex biological traits taking the time aspect into consideration. We will accept Original Research, Reviews, Mini-Reviews, Perspectives, and Hypothesis-generating manuscripts. The Research Topic will cover, but is not limited to, the following:

• Genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics insights into Human response to normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia.
• Proteomics, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interaction, biological pathways, networks and network rewiring to study the human response to hypoxia.
• Oxidative stress, free radicals, inflammation and their interplay and impact in the human response to hypoxia
• Understanding complexity in the human response to hypoxia through time-course analysis.
• Human integrative physiological studies using different modalities of hypoxic exposure such as high-altitude pollution-induced hypoxia and changes in oxygen saturation field exposure, chamber exposure (hypobaric and normobaric), sustained vs intermittent exposure, human performance and training.
• Pollution-induced hypoxia and changes in oxygen saturation.

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

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