Emerging Therapeutics for Immune Tolerance

  • 64k

    Total downloads

  • 230k

    Total views and downloads

Download PDFDownload EPUB

Submit your idea

You will be redirected to our submission process.

Submit your manuscript

About this Research Topic

Submission closed

Background

Autoimmune diseases affect roughly 5-10% of total population, with women affected more than men. The standard treatment for autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases had long been immunosuppressive agents, until the advent of biologic drugs, which aimed at blocking inflammatory cytokines and mediators of inflammation. At the frontier of these biologic drugs are TNFa blockers. The anti-TNFa therapy aims at reversing the action of TNFa in common autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This quickly became the standard of care for these diseases due to their effectiveness in controlling diseases and decreasing patient’s risk profiles. However, anti-TNF therapies have limitations. First, there are still great unmet needs for patients who are refractory, or who become unresponsive to the therapy. Second, they provide remedies to relieve the symptoms, but do not provide the cure by removing the root cause of the diseases. Third, they still have safety risks, either increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections or malignancies, or causing multiple side effects. Thus, the next wave of truly transformative therapeutics should aspire to provide a cure by selectively suppressing autoantigen-specific immune responses while leaving the rest of immune system intact for the control of infection or malignancies.

Therapeutics that induce, restore and maintain immune tolerance towards autoantigens represent the Holy Grail of treatments. Novel therapeutics with different modalities have been emerging and are being tested in clinics to achieve immune tolerance in various autoimmune diseases. Most of these novel therapeutics harness the mechanism of immune tolerance, such as increasing antigen-specific or polyclonal Foxp3+Treg specifically as they play a fundamental role in establishing immune tolerance or inducing anergy or deletion of pathologic immune cells. Among those therapeutics, we would like to focus on four main areas of active research in immune tolerance in this Research Topic. First, tolerogenic vaccines aiming at autoantigen-specific immune tolerance. Second, cell therapies either using polyclonal or autoantigen-specific regulatory T cells, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- expressing regulatory T cells as well as chimeric autoantigen receptor (CAAR)- expressing T cells, or dendritic cell vaccines. Third, Immunotherapies aiming at inactivating T cells either by antagonizing costimulatory receptors, or agonizing coinhibitory receptors, or inducing anergy. Fourth, therapeutics aiming at expanding regulatory T cell specifically.

Thus, this Research Topic welcomes Original Research, Mini Review, Perspective, Opinion and General Commentary articles which explore, but are not limited to, the following sub-topics:
• Tolerogenic vaccines to achieve antigen-specific tolerance
• Cell therapy for immune tolerance
• Immunotherapies to inactivate T cells utilizing costimulatory receptor or anti-CD3 blockade or agonizing coinhibitory receptors
• Immune tolerance using therapeutics to induce Foxp3+ regulatory T cells using low dose IL-2 or IL-2 derivatives such as IL-2 mutein


Dr. Phee is an employee of Amgen and Dr. Moon is the Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Officer of EVOQ Therapeutics. The other Topic Editors declare no conflicts of interest with regard to this topic.

Keywords: immune tolerance, tolerogenic vaccines, Foxp3+Tregs, tolerance therapeutics, IL-2

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

Topic editors

Frequently asked questions

  • Frontiers' Research Topics are collaborative hubs built around an emerging theme.Defined, managed, and led by renowned researchers, they bring communities together around a shared area of interest to stimulate collaboration and innovation.

    Unlike section journals, which serve established specialty communities, Research Topics are pioneer hubs, responding to the evolving scientific landscape and catering to new communities.

  • The goal of Frontiers' publishing program is to empower research communities to actively steer the course of scientific publishing. Our program was implemented as a three-part unit with fixed field journals, flexible specialty sections, and dynamically emerging Research Topics, connecting communities of different sizes and maturity.

    Research Topics originate from the scientific community. Many of our Research Topics are suggested by existing editorial board members who have identified critical challenges or areas of interest in their field.

  • As an editor, Research Topics will help you build your journal, as well as your community, around emerging, cutting-edge research. As research trailblazers, Research Topics attract high-quality submissions from leading experts all over the world.

    A thriving Research Topic can potentially evolve into a new specialty section if there is sustained interest and a growing community around it.

  • Each Research Topic must be approved by the specialty chief editor, and it falls under the editorial oversight of our editorial boards, supported by our in-house research integrity team. The same standards and rigorous peer review processes apply to articles published as part of a Research Topic as for any other article we publish.

    In 2023, 80% of the Research Topics we published were edited or co-edited by our editorial board members, who are already familiar with their journal's scope, ethos, and publishing model. All other topics are guest edited by leaders in their field, each vetted and formally approved by the specialty chief editor.

  • Publishing your article within a Research Topic with other related articles increases its discoverability and visibility, which can lead to more views, downloads, and citations. Research Topics grow dynamically as more published articles are added, causing frequent revisiting, and further visibility.

    As Research Topics are multidisciplinary, they are cross-listed in several fields and section journals – increasing your reach even more and giving you the chance to expand your network and collaborate with researchers in different fields, all focusing on expanding knowledge around the same important topic.

    Our larger Research Topics are also converted into ebooks and receive social media promotion from our digital marketing team.

     

  • Frontiers offers multiple article types, but it will depend on the field and section journals in which the Research Topic will be featured. The available article types for a Research Topic will appear in the drop-down menu during the submission process.

    Check available article types here 

  • Yes, we would love to hear your ideas for a topic. Most of our Research Topics are community-led and suggested by researchers in the field. Our in-house editorial team will contact you to talk about your idea and whether you’d like to edit the topic. If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. 

    Suggest your topic here 

  • A team of guest editors (called topic editors) lead their Research Topic. This editorial team oversees the entire process, from the initial topic proposal to calls for participation, the peer review, and final publications.

    The team may also include topic coordinators, who help the topic editors send calls for participation, liaise with topic editors on abstracts, and support contributing authors. In some cases, they can also be assigned as reviewers.

  • As a topic editor (TE), you will take the lead on all editorial decisions for the Research Topic, starting with defining its scope. This allows you to curate research around a topic that interests you, bring together different perspectives from leading researchers across different fields and shape the future of your field. 

     

    You will choose your team of co-editors, curate a list of potential authors, send calls for participation and oversee the peer review process, accepting or recommending rejection for each manuscript submitted.

  • As a topic editor, you're supported at every stage by our in-house team. You will be assigned a single point of contact to help you on both editorial and technical matters. Your topic is managed through our user-friendly online platform, and the peer review process is supported by our industry-first AI review assistant (AIRA).

  • If you’re an early-stage researcher, we will offer you the opportunity to coordinate your topic, with the support of a senior researcher as the topic editor. This provides you with valuable editorial experience, improving your ability to critically evaluate research articles and enhancing your understanding of the quality standards and requirements for scientific publishing, as well as the opportunity to discover new research in your field, and expand your professional network.

  • Yes, certificates can be issued on request. We are happy to provide a certificate for your contribution to editing a successful Research Topic.

  • Research Topics thrive on collaboration and their multi-disciplinary approach around emerging, cutting-edge themes, attract leading researchers from all over the world.

  • As a topic editor, you can set the timeline for your Research Topic, and we will work with you at your pace. Typically, Research Topics are online and open for submissions within a few weeks and remain open for participation for 6 – 12 months. Individual articles within a Research Topic are published as soon as they are ready.

    Find out more about our Research Topics

  • Our fee support program ensures that all articles that pass peer review, including those published in Research Topics, can benefit from open access – regardless of the author's field or funding situation.

    Authors and institutions with insufficient funding can apply for a discount on their publishing fees. A fee support application form is available on our website.

  • In line with our mission to promote healthy lives on a healthy planet, we do not provide printed materials. All our articles and ebooks are available under a CC-BY license, so you can share and print copies.

     

Impact

  • 230kTopic views
  • 164kArticle views
  • 64kArticle downloads
View impact