Behçet's Disease: Epidemiology, Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

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Background

Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory, multisystem disease of unknown etiology with the clinical features of mucocutaneous lesions and ocular, vascular, articular, neurologic, gastrointestinal, urogenital, pulmonary, and cardiac involvement.

In this Research Topic, we will try to highlight the dermatological aspect of the disease. However, due to the multisystemic nature of the disease, we can also try to deal with BD in all aspects. Therefore, we think that this title will attract the attention of many disciplines.
In this collection, we aim to bring the most recent developments in BD to a close. We will review the current state of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for the treatment of BD.

Diagnosis in most patients can be made clinically only on the basis of mucocutaneous symptoms which figure prominently in the presentation and diagnosis and are considered the hallmarks of BD. We want to emphasize the importance of mucocutaneous findings and summarize the dermatological approach to this issue. Skin pathergy test (SPT), a non-specific tissue hyperreactivity reaction due to trauma, is one of the diagnostic criteria for BD. Controversy exists as to the sensitivity of this phenomenon which varies between geographic areas. With the help of very well-known authors, we would like to discuss the importance of these issues in BD.
BD is still associated with severe morbidity because of mucocutaneous, articular and ocular symptoms and increased mortality, because of a large vessel, neurologic, gastrointestinal, and cardiac involvement. We will try to review all these different clinical features in all age groups. We will also discuss the epidemiological similarities and differences in BD among the countries with the most recent developments in the epidemiology.
Advances in understanding the etiopathogenesis and genetics of BD help us to facilitate the development of agents targeting specific inflammatory responses in the disease. Several recent GWASs have confirmed the association of BD with HLA-B*51 and reported new susceptibility genes both on the remaining part of HLA Class I region and on non-HLA genes. We will discuss the most recent developments, including disease mechanisms and the role of microbiota in BD with the experts of these fields.
There are some controversial topics in BD, such as "Disease assessment" which is a critical title in terms of correct evaluation of the disease and planning of treatment. We will try to find the best solution for this controversial issue. Also, we would like to discuss what should be done in the future for BD with the help of well-known experts in these titles.
Finally, based on the mainly controlled studies and personal experience in clinical practice and basic research in this field, we would like to propose a stepwise, symptom-based, algorithmic approach for the management.

We will try to explain all aspects of BD to the readers with a holistic approach with the help of very well-known names in their fields.

Keywords: Behçet's disease, Etiopathogenesis, Mucocutaneous, Inflammatory Disorder, Dermatology

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