About this Research Topic
In the central nervous system, moving bars and tones lead to stable perceptions of motion and pitch and tell impalpable time intrinsically gained as mental constructs from sensory data. Stopwatch-like mechanisms measure the movements of objects and the duration of musical quarter, half, full notes. Interval-selective neurons discriminate the time intervals of successive events, but interval tuned microcircuits operating at the intermediate scale of milliseconds to tenths of a second for speech, music and motion detection still remain obscure objects of desire.
The charming mechanisms of birds' motion stereo and mammalians' periodicity pitch are able to provide us with an idea of both the importance and complexity of interval tuned microcircuits in perception processes. In the first case in a first stage lagged and non-lagged LGN cells split the scene in a past and a present image. Both images are concurrently Hough transformed and oriented bars are registered by V1 cells spiking in their local receptive fields. At last the coordinates of motion-detection cells with maximum response correspond to the Cartesian coordinates of the 2-D velocities of the moving bars. Similarly, in pitch perception octopus cells in the VCN spike in successive intervals by rectifying latency-phase trajectories in their local temporal receptive fields.
The motion and periodicity spaces are topologically arranged spanning a scale from low to high velocities (successive firings of V1 cells with same orientation) and pitches from low to high frequencies (successive firings of the same octopus cells).
The central questions posed in this Research Topic are:
- How neural microcircuits encode intervals of successive events;
- How to build interval selective disynaptic microcircuits by tuning the excitatory-inhibitory balance, including Ca2+ kinetics of excitatory AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibitory GABA receptor channel kinetics;
- How to build motion detector circuits;
- How to build stratified arrays of microcircuits;
- How to create novel learning algorithms like stratified learning and temporal interval learning;
- How to construct calcium sandglasses.
The field is widely open to contributions that involve disynaptic microcircuits, motion detectors, event-based DVS data, periodicity pitch, and related topics.
The charming mechanisms of birds' motion stereo and mammalians' periodicity pitch are able to provide us with an idea of both the importance and complexity of interval tuned microcircuits in perception processes. In the first case in a first stage lagged and non-lagged LGN cells split the scene in a past and a present image. Both images are concurrently Hough transformed and oriented bars are registered by V1 cells spiking in their local receptive fields. At last the coordinates of motion-detection cells with maximum response correspond to the Cartesian coordinates of the 2-D velocities of the moving bars. Similarly, in pitch perception octopus cells in the VCN spike in successive intervals by rectifying latency-phase trajectories in their local temporal receptive fields.
The motion and periodicity spaces are topologically arranged spanning a scale from low to high velocities (successive firings of V1 cells with same orientation) and pitches from low to high frequencies (successive firings of the same octopus cells).
The central questions posed in this Research Topic are:
- How neural microcircuits encode intervals of successive events;
- How to build interval selective disynaptic microcircuits by tuning the excitatory-inhibitory balance, including Ca2+ kinetics of excitatory AMPA and NMDA receptors and inhibitory GABA receptor channel kinetics;
- How to build motion detector circuits;
- How to build stratified arrays of microcircuits;
- How to create novel learning algorithms like stratified learning and temporal interval learning;
- How to construct calcium sandglasses.
The field is widely open to contributions that involve disynaptic microcircuits, motion detectors, event-based DVS data, periodicity pitch, and related topics.
Keywords: Temporal Receptive Fields, Periodicity Maps, Excitatory–inhibitory Disynaptic Circuits, Motion Detector Circuits, Lagged and Non-Lagged Cells
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