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MINI REVIEW article
Front. Soil Sci.
Sec. Soil Organic Matter Dynamics and Carbon Sequestration
Volume 4 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fsoil.2024.1418072
Three important roles and chemical properties of glomalinrelated soil protein
Provisionally accepted- Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
The consequences of climate change urgently demand the reduction of atmospheric carbon, including by sequestering carbon in soil. The glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are renowned for their soil aggregation and carbon sequestration properties. With their considerable binding abilities, GRSP can also adsorb various cations and sequester heavy metals in soil, thereby assisting in soil fertilization and remediation efforts. However, despite its benefits for soil health and climate change, the mechanisms underlying these traits in the context of soil chemistry remain unexplored. In this review, we focus on three crucial roles of GRSP—long-term carbon sequestration, soil aggregation, and soil remediation and fertility—in the context of the chemical characteristics elucidated by previous research, namely hydrophobicity, amid group glycosylation (N-glycosylation), and metal adsorption. Based on the proposed chemical mechanisms, the current review also offers insight into soil factors that may influence the persistence of GRSP. We conclude by proposing a working model for GRSP, aiming to establish a conceptual platform for future research to examine GRSP in terms of their known or novel chemical and biochemical reactions, thereby improving our understanding of this important group of soil proteins.
Keywords: glomalin-related soil protein, Soil aggregation, Climate Change, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Carbon Sequestration, Soil health, Soil remediation, microbial protein
Received: 16 Apr 2024; Accepted: 09 Sep 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Son, Martínez and Kao-Kniffin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Jenny Kao-Kniffin, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
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