Mapping Research on ICT Addiction: A Comprehensive Review of Internet, Smartphone, Social Media, and Gaming Addictions

Livia Isabel Andrade Quizhpe¹Marlon Santiago Viñán-Ludeña^2*

• ¹Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Loja, Ecuador
• ²Catholic University of the North, Coquimbo, Coquimbo, Chile

The use of information and communication technologies such as the Internet, smartphones, social media, and gaming has gained significant popularity in recent years. While the benefits are immense, and ICTs have become essential in people's daily lives, the inappropriate use of these technologies has led to addiction, causing negative consequences in family, academic, and work environments. This study analyzes research related to ICT addiction (Internet, smartphone, social media, and gaming), reviewing 91 relevant contributions. Historical trends, regions, relevance, factors, and instruments were analyzed to map out the existing research on ICT addiction. The findings revealed that although the number of relevant studies has grown in recent years, there is still a lack of attention on ICT addiction and its relationship with psychological factors, social factors, physical factors, phenomenological experiences, and treatment/prevention approaches. In this regard, psychology scholars should consider appropriate methods to raise awareness about ICT addiction and emphasize the need for an in-depth understanding of the meaning, context, and practices associated with Internet, smartphone, social media, and gaming addiction.