Rubén Maneiro ¹ Iyán Iván-Baragaño ^2* José Luis Losada ³ Antonio Ardá Suárez ⁴ Mario Amatria ⁵ Gudberg K. Jonsson ⁶

• ¹ University of Vigo, Vigo, Galicia, Spain
• ² European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
• ³ University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
• ⁴ University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
• ⁵ Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
• ⁶ University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

Research in Sport Science is shaped by technological advancements (Oviedo-Caro et al., 2024), 13 shifting trends, and social influences (Chan et al., 2019). In recent years, significant progress has been 14 demonstrated in this field through various technologies, methodologies, and research approaches. 15Wearable sensors, increasingly accessible in both professional and amateur sports, have facilitated the 16 collection of a vast amount of physiological data (Seshadri et al., 2019) Sports practice is socially linked to gender, leading to social stigma and reduced participation. This 41 poses a clear issue, considering the benefits associated with sports practice and physical exercise. 42Understanding the differences and similarities between men and women in their sports participation is 43 essential for advancing effective gender equality. Within this topic, research has been conducted on 44 gender differences in managing competitive contexts among male and female archers. The findings 45 revealed that women were more vulnerable to the negative effects of failures during competition. 46Moreover, there is consensus on the positive impact of physical activity on attention levels, academic 47 performance, and social relationships. However, very few studies have focused on analyzing this 48 influence in students with special educational needs. In this topic, a positive association between 49 physical activity and these variables has been demonstrated in students with intellectual disabilities-50 a population requiring special attention and historically excluded from academic and research domains. 51This type of socially impactful work highlights the need for research in heterogeneous populations, 52 encompassing the full spectrum of individuals, whether athletes or students. Finally, and in direct 53 relation to sports performance, this topic has highlighted the influence of psychological and 54 personality-related variables on the professional performance of athletes across various sports. In 55 football, differences in players' personalities have been demonstrated based on their level of 56 experience, as well as based on gender. This is undoubtedly linked to the individual motivations of 57 each athlete, which, as evidenced, can regulate behavior and the degree of effort individuals exert. 58Similarly, the influence of social, psychological, and demographic variables on emotional regulation 59 in individual athletes has been analyzed, yielding significant conclusions for the field of knowledge. 60In summary, the second edition of 'Advances in Sport Science: Latest Findings and New Scientific 61 Proposals' serves as a valuable platform for researchers worldwide to exchange knowledge and 62 disseminate novel research in the field of Sport Science. The findings presented, possessing significant 63 social impact, have the potential to enhance practices and outcomes across diverse domains of 64 application. 65 To further advance the field of Sport Science, the third edition of "Advances in Sport Science: Latest 67 Findings and New Scientific Proposals" -Volume III will be launched [link]. This volume will serve 68 as a dedicated platform for the dissemination of diverse academic contributions, with a particular 69 emphasis on: 70• The influence of psychological factors on athletic skill development. • The development and evaluation of innovative training methodologies. 72• The application of advanced statistical techniques in sports research. 73These areas of focus will drive continued progress and innovation within the field of Sport Science.