Balanced Time Perspective, Time Management Disposition, and Resilience: A Moderated Mediation Model of Academic Performance

Yan Li ^*

• Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China

Time perspective and time management disposition are key to academic achievement. A related variable, balanced time perspective (BTP), has been linked to adaptive functioning in variety of areas of life, but has gotten less attention with regard to academic performance. We proposed a moderated mediation model to evaluate the connection between BTP and academic performance in a sample of 1,076 high school students (448 boys and 628 girls), participants were between 15 and 19 years of age. The students completed questionnaires in their classrooms to assess BTP, time management disposition, and resilience. Academic performance was assessed by scores on standardized tests of academic achievement administered routinely by the school. Results revealed that BTP positively predicted academic performance, with time management disposition mediating this relationship. The indirect effect was stronger when pupils demonstrated greater resilience. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how BTP may influence children's academic performance and offer novel strategies for promoting academic achievement in high school settings. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of fostering psychological traits like resilience to enhance academic performance. Future studies could explore educational interventions aimed at developing BTP and resilience, thereby enhancing students' psychological skills.