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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Psychol.
Sec. Health Psychology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1410890

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression among patients with glaucoma

Provisionally accepted
Heloisa H. Abil Russ Giacometti Heloisa H. Abil Russ Giacometti 1,2*Liana Grupenmacher Iankilevich Liana Grupenmacher Iankilevich 1Laura Fernandes Coelho Laura Fernandes Coelho 3Livia Stocco Sanches Valentin Livia Stocco Sanches Valentin 4Luciana Amizo Ferreira Luciana Amizo Ferreira 5Marcos Balbino Marcos Balbino 6Regina Cele Silveira Seixas Regina Cele Silveira Seixas 7
  • 1 Oftalmo Curitiba Hospital da Visão, Curitiba, Brazil
  • 2 Other, Curitiba, Brazil
  • 3 Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 4 Heart Institute, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 5 Visclin Oftalmologia, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 6 Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 7 Other, São Paulo, Brazil

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with glaucoma compared to the average Brazilian prevalence (9.8% of anxiety and 5.8% of depression, according to the World Health Organization) and its correlation with the severity of the disease.Methods: This was a transversal, single-arm trial of patients from four glaucoma centers in Sao Paulo and Curitiba -Brazil. Patients comprised adults at least 18 years of age with glaucoma diagnosis under treatment for at least six months. All subjects of the study answered two questionnaires (PHQ-9 and GAD-7) to evaluate the presence of anxiety and depression, and the results were analyzed accordingly to clinical and demographic characteristics.The protocol included a total of 210 patients. The average age was 61.6 ± 15.3 years, and the female gender was more common (68.86%). Primary open-angle glaucoma was the most common diagnosis (59.90%). The average IOP was 18.5 mmHg, and 1.5 anti-glaucoma drops were the mean treatment.The prevalence of depression and anxiety was 26.90% and 25.71%, respectively.Most patients with anxiety were classified as early glaucoma, while those with depression had severe glaucoma.This study found that the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with glaucoma is higher than in the general population in our country.

    Keywords: Glaucoma, Anxiety, Depression, GAD-7, PHQ-9

    Received: 08 Apr 2024; Accepted: 26 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Abil Russ Giacometti, Grupenmacher Iankilevich, Fernandes Coelho, Stocco Sanches Valentin, Amizo Ferreira, Balbino and Cele Silveira Seixas. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Heloisa H. Abil Russ Giacometti, Oftalmo Curitiba Hospital da Visão, Curitiba, Brazil

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