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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Psychol.
Sec. Quantitative Psychology and Measurement
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1409675
This article is part of the Research Topic Scales Validation in the Context of Inclusive Education View all 3 articles

Nonverbal Communication Questionnaire: A Measure to Assess Effective Interaction

Provisionally accepted
Maryam Khan Maryam Khan 1*Sana Zeb Sana Zeb 2Rabia Batool Rabia Batool 3Agata Gasiorowska Agata Gasiorowska 1
  • 1 Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
  • 2 Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 3 Muslim Youth University, Islamabad, Islamabad CT, Pakistan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    In five studies, we document the development and validation of the Nonverbal Communication Questionnaire (NVCQ). This eight-item measurement tool assesses how people perceive nonverbal cues across two dimensions of effective communication. These two dimensions, encouraging and discouraging nonverbal cues, are based on Khan and Zeb's (2021) version of the ten-part model of nonverbal communication. Study 1 reports the development of the NVCQ and provides initial support for the factorial structure of the measure in a Pakistani sample. Studies 2 and 3 confirmed the factorial structure and demonstrated the construct validity of the NVCQ. A preregistered Study 4 confirmed the factorial structure in a Polish sample, and provided additional support for the construct validity of the measure, while Study 5 demonstrated its adequate test-retest reliability. We conclude that the NVCQ is a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing effective communication that incorporates nonverbal aspects in every domain of life, from clinical to research settings.

    Keywords: discouraging cues, encouraging cues, Effective communication, human interaction, Nonverbal Communication

    Received: 01 Apr 2024; Accepted: 16 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Khan, Zeb, Batool and Gasiorowska. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Maryam Khan, Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, 53-238, Poland

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.