Skip to main content

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Phys.
Sec. Interdisciplinary Physics
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fphy.2024.1500423
This article is part of the Research Topic Nonlinear Vibration and Instability in Nano/Micro Devices: Principles and Control Strategies View all articles

Stochastic Modeling of Plant-Insect Interaction Dynamics with MEMS-Based Monitoring and Noise Effects

Provisionally accepted
Ain Qura Tul Ain Qura Tul 1Xiaoli Qiang Xiaoli Qiang 1Noor ul Ain Noor ul Ain 2Zheng Kou Zheng Kou 1*
  • 1 Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
  • 2 Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The dynamics of plant-insect interactions play a crucial role in the ecosystem, influenced by complex molecular signaling pathways. This study extends existing deterministic models of plant-insect systems by incorporating stochastic elements and molecular interactions, particularly focusing on the roles of Botrytis Induced Kinase-1 (BIK1) and Phyto Alexin Deficient-4 (PAD4) proteins. The model evaluates the effects of constant inhibition, pulsed inhibition, and adaptive feedback control on plant biomass (y 1 ), insect herbivore density (y 2 ), PAD4 levels (y 3 ), and BIK1 levels (y 4 ). Additionally, we examine the impact of different noise types, including deterministic, Gaussian, and Lévy noise, on system variability and stability. Results indicate that our stochastic model is superior as it shows a significant reduction in BIK1 levels, particularly under higher noise intensities, which enhances PAD4 activity and improves plant defense mechanisms. Moreover, moderate noise intensity (σ = 0.05) provides an optimal balance, sustaining PAD4 levels while effectively controlling insect herbivore populations. We also integrate MEMS-based feedback mechanisms, which dynamically adjust plant biomass and molecular signaling, further stabilizing the system's response to environmental variability.

    Keywords: Mathematical analysis, feedback mechanism, Immunity Dynamics, Lévy Noise, MEMS, MEMS

    Received: 23 Sep 2024; Accepted: 29 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Qura Tul, Qiang, Ain and Kou. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Zheng Kou, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.