94% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or good
Learn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish.
Find out more
ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Nutr.
Sec. Clinical Nutrition
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1556062
Impact of C-reactive Protein-Albumin-Lymphocyte (CALLY) Index as a Prognostic Marker for the Patients with Undergoing Gastric Cancer Surgery
Provisionally accepted- 1 Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
- 2 First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
The significance of the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index (CALLY index [CI]) as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, this study assessed the utility of the CI as a predictor of short-term postoperative outcomes and long-term prognosis after gastric cancer surgery. Methods: This study consisted of two cohorts. Cohort 1 included 120 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for clinical stages I-III primary gastric cancer between November 2022 and March 2024. Patients were categorized into high-and low-CI groups, and complications were classified accordingly. Propensity score matching was performed based on clinical stage, surgical approach, and lymph node dissection extent, yielding 40 matched cases. The relationship between preoperative CI and short-term postoperative outcomes was analyzed. Cohort 2 included 358 patients with pathological stages I-III gastric cancer who underwent distal gastrectomy between January 2014 and December 2017. Preoperative CI was assessed, and its association with long-term outcomes was evaluated. Prognostic factors were also analyzed. Results: In Cohort 1, the preoperative CI was associated with short-term postoperative outcomes. Compared with the high-CI group, the low-CI group developed significantly more complications, including postoperative pneumonia. In Cohort 2, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) differed significantly between the high and low CI groups. CI was an independent prognostic factor for OS and RFS. Conclusion: The CI reflects patients' overall systemic conditions and may be a valuable predictor of short-term outcomes and long-term prognosis following gastric cancer surgery.
Keywords: C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index, prognostic biomarker, gastric cancer, Postoperative Complications, nutrition
Received: 06 Jan 2025; Accepted: 24 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Toda, Musha, Suzuki, Nomura and Motoi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Makoto Toda, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.